医务人员血源性职业安全防护教育研究与实践  

Education and practice of blood-borne occupational safety and protection among medical personnel

作　　者：周红芳[1] 龚光明[1] 王美华[1] 徐俊炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通市肿瘤医院感染管理科,江苏南通226361

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第17期3826-3828,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨血源性职业安全防护教育培训方法 ,建立多途径、多形式、多层次的血源性职业防护教育培训体系。方法开展多途径、多形式、多层次的职业安全防护教育培训,采用问卷调查与实地督查、提问相结合的方法对培训前后的医务人员工作行为进行比较、统计分析。结果培训后医务人员洗手、戴手套、使用备有锐器盒的治疗车、用锐器盒卡槽分离注射器针头、根据预期可能的暴露选择合适的防护用品、发生职业暴露后正确处理及时上报的依从性明显提高,系统培训前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但在接触不同患者之前洗手或手消毒、戴手套静脉穿刺抽血的依从性仍不容乐观,培训前后比较差异无统计学意义。结论多途径、多形式、多层次的血源性职业防护教育培训体系,提高了医务人员职业安全防护能力,可改变医务人员职业暴露防护态度和行为,是有效减少医务人员职业暴露的重要措施。OBJECTIVE To explore the education and training methods for blood-borne occupational protection so as to establish a multi-channel,multi-format,multi-level education and training system for blood-borne occupational protection.METHODS The multi-channel,multi-format,multi-level blood-borne occupational protection education and training system was carried out,by the means of the questionnaire survey combined with on-site supervision and raising questions,the behavior,the working behaviors of the medical personnel were compared and analyzed statistically before and after the training.RESULTS After the training,the compliance of the hand-washing,wearing gloves,using treatment car with the equipment of sharp boxes,separating sharp syringe needles with abox slot,selecting the appropriate protective equipments based on the expected exposure,correctly handling the occupational exposure and timely reporting has been improved significantly,the differences before and after systematic training were statistically significant（P〈0.05）,however the compliance of washing hands or hand disinfection before contacting with different patients and wearing gloves for venous puncture blood sampling remained not optimistic,the differences before and after the training were not statistically significant.CONCLUSION The multi-channel,multi-format,multi-level blood-borne occupational protection education and training system can improve the occupational safety of medical personnel and convert the attitudes and behaviors of medical personnel toward the occupational exposure protection,which is an effective way to reduce the occupational exposure of the medical personnel.

关 键 词：经血传播性疾病 职业暴露 防护教育 培训 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]