生物肥氮肥耦合对水稻资源利用的影响  

Effects of nitrogen and biological fertilizer coupling on rice resource utilization

作　　者：张雪[1] 王立[1] 马放[1] 张淑娟[1] 徐亚男[1] 李哲[1] 傅生杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2012年第8期39-42,66,共5页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50809020;51179041);国家创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(51121062);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学)基金资助项目(HC200816;2011TS07)

摘　　要：为从源头控制农业面源污染,用一种清洁的生物肥与化肥配施,提高氮肥利用效率.以水稻农田生态系统为研究对象,以摩西球囊霉为生物肥核心菌种,研究生物肥(M)、氮肥(N)以及二者联合施用(NM)条件下对水稻生长和生产状况的影响.结果表明:3种处理中,氮菌联合施用条件下,水稻具有最高的净光合速率,较N处理和M处理分别提高4.5%和5.0%.与空白相比,氮肥能够显著提高水稻地上生物量(提高22.8%);而菌肥能够显著提高地下生物量(提高41.5%)(P<0.05);氮菌联合施用能同时提高地上和地下生物量(分别提高37.0%和35.0%).氮菌联合较传统田间管理能够提高4.8%的水稻产量,这种提高是通过强化水稻的r繁殖对策实现的.菌根对宿主的侵染可有效提高水稻的资源利用效率、生长与生产能力.To control agricultural non-point source pollution,the cleaning biological fertilizer and chemical fertilizer were used together to raise nitrogen use efficiency.The growth and production of rice under the conditions of single application of nitrogen fertilizer（N）,single application of biological fertilizer with Glomus mosseae as the subject（M） and joint application of nitrogen fertilizer and biological fertilizer（NM） were studied,and the results reveal：（1）The application of nitrogen and G.mosseae（NM） makes rice reach the highest net photosynthetic rate,and increases by 4.5% and 5.0% more than N and M treatment,respectively.（2） The nitrogen fertilizer can increase the aboveground biomass by 22.8%,the biological fertilizer can increase the underground biomass by 41.5% significantly（P〈0.05）,and NM treatment can promote both the above-and under-ground biomass（37.0% and 35.0%,respectively）.（3） The NM treatment increases rice yield by 4.8% more than traditional nitrogen fertilizer management.Therefore,mycorrhizal infection to the rice can effectively improve the efficiency of resource utilization,growing and producting capacity.

关 键 词：水稻 摩西球囊霉 氮菌耦合 繁殖对策 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]