低密度阻燃聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备及性能初探  

Preparation and Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foam with Flame Retardants

作　　者：叶美玲[1] 洪金庆[1] 陈翠雪[1] 朱爱梅[1] 刘庆林[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院化学工程与生物工程系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2012年第9期141-144,共4页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20976145;21076170)

摘　　要：以聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯、三乙烯二胺、二甲乙醇胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡、1,1-二氯-1-氟代乙烷(HCFC-141B)、水、硬泡硅油、三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯等为原料,制备了聚氨酯硬质泡沫。实验考察了发泡剂、异氰酸酯、阻燃剂用量对聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响。结果表明,每100 g聚醚中加入1.25 g水、33.54 g HCFC-141B和155.01 g异氰酸酯时,产品的力学性能和尺寸稳定性较好。当阻燃剂用量为22.59 g时,材料的燃烧性能得到改善。实验初步确定了发泡的较优配方,得到了性能较好的聚氨酯硬质泡沫。扫描电镜(SEM)测试表明泡孔呈近似球形、各向同性的闭孔结构,孔径分布较均匀。Rigid polyurethane foam（RPU） was synthesized using isocyanate,polyether polyols,chain extender,crosslinking agent and accessory ingredients as raw materinals.The related influence factors on the foaming properties were discussed.The experimental results show that the amount of isocyanate,water and 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane（HCFC-141B） plays an important role in the density,structure and mechanical properties of RPU.When water of 1.25 g,HCFC-141B of 33.54 g,isocyanate of 155.01 g and flame-retardant agent of 22.59 g were added into 100 g of premixed polyether polyol,the polyurethane rigid foam exhibited good compressive strength and dimensional stability.Tris（2-dichlorpropyl） phosphate can improve flame resistance of RPU.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 硬质泡沫 阻燃 制备 性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]