临床医师血源性职业暴露后心理调查及对策  

A psychological investigation of occupational exposure to blood-borne infectious diseases among clinicians

作　　者：李桃[1] 龚光明 

机构地区：[1]南通市肿瘤医院肿瘤内科 [2]感染管理科,江苏南通226361

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第18期4056-4057,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：南通市科学技术局指导性计划课题(S10939)

摘　　要：目的了解临床医师血源性职业暴露的认知、心理状态,为实施有效的预防模式及心理干预提供科学依据。方法采取自行设计的开放式问卷调查表,调查2009年7月-2011年6月医院临床医师发生血源性职业暴露情况,以及暴露后的认知、心理状态。结果有51名医师发生63次血源性职业暴露,其中血液/体液喷溅12次,锐器伤51次;46.0%的暴露源为乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性;63.8%的医师认为职业暴露后最可怕的结果是感染艾滋病;60.3%的医师认为职业暴露后感染的概率很大;29.3%的医师认为职业暴露尤其是针刺伤不可避免;49.0%的医师职业暴露后表现为惧怕心理。结论临床医师血源性职业暴露后表现为一定的心理反应,应进一步加强职业防护及心理干预,完善医院支持系统,以减轻暴露者暴露后的负性心理。OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognition and psychological status of occupational exposure to blood- borne infectious diseases in clinicians, so as to provide scientific basis for developing effective intervention strategies and psychological intervention. METHODS From Jul 2009 to Jun 2011, an open-ended retrospective questionnaire was adopted to investigate the occurrence of occupational exposure, and the cognition and psychological status of the clinicians. RESULTS Of 51 clinicians investigated, there were 63 case-time exposed to blood-borne, including 12 patients who exposed to blood or body fluid and 51 cases who exposed to sharp injuries; there were 46.0% of the sources of exposure which were hepatitis B surface antigen; 63. 8% of the clinicians believed that the most terrible result of occupational exposure was the HIV infection; 60. 3% of the clinicians considered that the probability of infection after occupational exposure might he great; 29.3% of the clinicians believed that occupational exposure, especially needle stick injuries,were inevitable;49.0% of the clinicians feared after the occupational exposure. CONCLUSION Clinicians often have the psychological problems after occupational exposure to blood-borne infectious diseases, so it is necessary to strengthen the occupational protection and psychological interventions and make supportive system so as to help them relief after the occupational exposure.

关 键 词：临床医师 血源性病原体 职业暴露 认知 对策 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]