“5·12”汶川地震极重灾区农村纯母乳喂养现状及对策  

Current status and countermeasure of the pure breast-feeding in"5·12"Wenchuan earthquake heavy disaster rural areas

作　　者：陈蓉[1] 张燕[1] 吴方银[1] 熊庆[1] 马晓珊[1] 黄青青[1] 刘艳梅[1] 贺雪 罗开宇 蒋华蓉 覃钦蓉 翟秋榕 

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院健康教育科,四川成都610045 [2]四川省汶川县妇幼保健院,四川汶川623000 [3]四川省都江堰市妇幼保健院,四川都江堰611830 [4]四川省绵竹市妇幼保健院,四川绵竹618200 [5]四川省安县妇幼保健院,四川安县622600 [6]四川省什邡市妇幼保健院,四川什邡618400

出　　处：《实用医院临床杂志》2012年第5期56-59,共4页Practical Journal of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：卫生部/联合国儿童基金会灾后妇幼卫生重建支持项目;健康教育COMBI项目

摘　　要：目的对"5.12"汶川地震极重灾区农村纯母乳喂养现状进行分析,为提高灾区农村纯母乳喂养率提供决策依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法选取5个地震极重灾区2009年分娩的农村产妇进行纯母乳喂养调查,调查内容包括:产妇分娩方式、喂养方式、纯母乳喂养持续时间和喂养中存在问题等。结果婴儿出生后,76.64%的产妇选择了纯母乳喂养。在采用纯母乳喂养的产妇中,9.48%的产妇纯母乳喂养时间仅坚持了1个月;55.90%产妇坚持到6个月。产妇的教育程度、分娩方式等均影响婴儿喂养方式选择,且不同喂养方式婴儿增加体重存在差异。纯母乳喂养产妇存在开奶晚、哺乳技巧不足、缺乏信心、食欲和休息差、外出等问题。结论通过灾后妇幼卫生重建项目健康教育干预,"5.12"汶川地震极重灾区纯母乳喂养率提高,应继续通过加强产前教育、产后干预、提高产后访视质量等措施,改善地震极重灾区农村纯母乳喂养现状。Objective To analyze the pure breast-feeding status in＂5 ~ 12＂Wenchuan earthquake heavy disaster rural areas, that may provide basis for policy-making in order to improve pure breast-feeding rate in these areas. Methods A survey of pure breast- feeding rate of 2009 in 5 earthquake disaster area was carried out by using stratified random sampling method. The contents of survey in- cluded the maternal delivery mode,feeding mood and problems etc. Results After baby born,76.64% of maternal choose the pure breast-feeding. In the maternal ,9.48% had the pure breast-feeding for only 1 month, and 55.90% persisted for 6 months. Maternal ed- ucation level and delivery mode were two factors influencing infant feeding choices. Nevertheless, infant weight increment was different between the different feeding patterns. There were problems in pure breast feeding, such as open milk late, lack of breast feed skills, confidence, appetite and rest, as well as maternal out etc. Conclusions The pure breast-feeding rate in the earthquake disaster area in- creased after reconstruction and intervention of maternal and child health education project. We can take further measures to improve the current situation of the pure breast feeding in earthquake heavy disaster rural areas, like strengthening antenatal education and postpar- tum intervention and improving postpartum visit quality.

关 键 词：地震 灾区 母乳喂养 调查 健康教育 

分 类 号：R174.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]