杂种落叶松幼龄期变异与优良家系初步选择  

Genetic Variation of Hybrid Larch at Juvenile Period and Its Superior Family Selection

作　　者：马军伟 张含国[2] 刘灵[2] 张振[2] 贾庆彬[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省新青林业局,新青153036 [2]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(东北林业大学)

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2012年第9期1-5,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省重大科技攻关项目(GA08B201-01);国家林业局重点项目(2006-37)

摘　　要：对林口县青山林场7年生杂种落叶松21份参试材料生长性状进行了遗传变异与相关分析,其4年生、5年生、6年生和7年生树高的变异系数分别为29.19%、35.03%、35.70%和28.27%,呈两头小中间大的规律,胸径也呈类似的趋势。家系变异系数较大的前3个家系同较小的3个家系相比,7年生、6年生、5年生、4年生树高家系间变异幅度呈现两头高中间低的现象,胸径类似。树高、胸径、树高与胸径之间都呈显著或极显著相关,7年生树高与4年生、5年生、6年生树高的相关系数分别为0.801、0.892和0.941,随着林龄的增加,生长性状更紧密相关。各处理年度间生长稳定,早晚相关显著,家系间变异较为丰富,可以进行早期选择。各杂交组合中兴安落叶松种内杂种家系表现突出,7年生树高、胸径分别超过2个长白落叶松种源43.1%、60.0%,其次是兴安落叶松×日本落叶松、日本落叶松×兴安落叶松组合;虽然组合间存在优劣,但组合内家系间生长差别更大,在选择组合的同时更应重视家系间的选择。兴5×兴9、日5×兴9、日5×长78-3和日11×兴2入选优良家系,7年生树高、胸径的遗传力分别为0.964、0.946,遗传增益分别为17.5%、24.3%。4个家系的树高、胸径平均值分别大于白刀山40.7%、67.1%,大于小北湖52.8%、81.1%。A study was conducted to analyze genetic variations of 21 experimental materials of 7-year-old hybrid larch in Qing- shan Forest Farm in Linkou County, Heilongjiang Province. Genetic variation coefficients of tree heights of 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-year-old hybrid larch were 29.19%, 35.03%, 35.70%, and 28.27%, rcspectively. The tree heights of J- and 6-year- old larch were higher than those of 4- and 7-year-rid larch. Diameter at breast height （DBH） also presented a similar trend. The correlation coefficient between tree height and DBH reached a significant level The correlation coefficients of tree height between 7-year-old larch and 4-, 5-, 6-year-old larch were 0. 801, 0. 892 and O. 941, respectively. Growth characteristics were more closely related with increasing tree age. Trees of different ages all grew well. The growth eharac- teristies of younger trees and elder trees were related obviously, and the genetic variation between families was significant. It was reasonable to choose superior family at young age. Hybrid Larix gmelinii family had the best appearance among all the hybrid combinations, and the tree height and DBH were 43.1% and 60.0% higher than those of L. kaempfer and L. olgensis families, respectively. The hybrid combinations of L. grnelinixL, kaempfer and L. kaempferxL, gmelini took the second place. Mthough there was a difference between different combinations, the difference in growth charaeteristies be- tween families within the combination was more significant; therefore, more attention should be paid to within family sdec- tion during the sdection of superior combinations. Superior family combinations, L grnelini No. 5xL. gmelini No. 9, L. kaempfer No.JxL. gmelini No. 9, L. kaempfer No. 5xL. olgensis 78-3 and L kaempfer No. llxL. gmelini No. 2, were screened out according to growth traits. The heritabilities of tree height and DBH of 7-year-old superior families were 0. 964 and 0. 946, and the genetic gains were 17.5% and 24.3%, respectively. Tree height and DBH of these four families were

关 键 词：杂种落叶松 幼龄期 生长性状 遗传变异 家系选择 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]