大气光学湍流模型研究进展  

A Review of Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Modeling Research

作　　者：王红帅[1,2] 姚永强[1] 刘立勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《天文学进展》2012年第3期362-377,共16页Progress In Astronomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11073031;10903014);中国科学院国家天文台青年人才基金

摘　　要：综述大气光学湍流模型方法的发展历程和最新进展。大气光学湍流模型方法利用气象数据和光学湍流参数化模型,能同时获得台址的全面大气光学湍流参数,包括C_n^2廓线、大气相干长度、相干时间、视宁度、等晕角和湍流外尺度。介绍了利用气象参数来计算光学湍流的各种方法及其特点,回顾了国际国内进行光学湍流模型研究的主要研究单位与工作内容,提出大气光学湍流模型方法国内研究的发展方向。Atmospheric optical turbulence modeling and forecast for astronomy is a rela- tively recent discipline, but has played important role in site survey for astronomical obser- vatories and optimization of large telescope observing scheduling, and in the applications of adaptive optics technique and atmospheric optical transportation. The numerical approach, by use of meteorological parameters and according to parameterization of optical turbu- lence, can provide all the optical turbulence parameters, such as C~ profile, coherent length, coherent time, seeing, isoplanatic angle, and, outer scale of turbulence. This paper reviews the development and recent progress in atmospheric optical tur- bulence modeling and forecast. The main methods and models to calculate optical turbu- lence state by meteorological parameters are summarized, including average profile, physical model（AFGL and C-V）, analytical model, and numerical model. The main teams of inter- national institutes in this field, including ForOT in Italy, MKWC at Hawaii University, ABL of American Air Force and Fizeau Lab at Nice University, and their contributions to the research are introduced. The ability of the modeling optical turbulence above Cerro Paranal, Roque de los Muchachos, San Pedro Martir, Mt Graham, Dome C, Dome A, South Pole, and Mauna Kea have been confirmed using the measurements of the optical turbulence vertical distribution. The related works by Chinese institutes, including Shanghai Astronomical Ob- servatory, Tianjin Institute of Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics and National Astronomical Observatory, are also briefly reviewed. Further systematic approach with on-site turbulence measurements is emphasized, in order to obtain practicable optical turbulence models fit to the geographies over China.

关 键 词：大气光学 大气光学湍流廓线 视宁度预报 气象模式 

分 类 号：P183.4[天文地球—天文学]