基于(石化装置)系统RBI-SIL分析的承压设备完整性评估技术  

Based on the(Petrochemical Units) "RBI-SIL" Analysis Pressure Equipment Integration Risk Assessment Technology

作　　者：陈炜[1] 庄力健[1] 朱建新[1] 方向荣[1] 乔光谱[1] 吴祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥通用机械研究院国家压力容器与管道安全工程技术研究中心,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《压力容器》2012年第9期43-49,共7页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAK13B03);合肥通用机械研究院青年科技基金项目(2011011269);国家十二五科技支撑重点项目(2011BAK06B02);安徽省国际合作计划项目(12030603002)

摘　　要：石化装置中,静设备、动设备及仪表联锁是构成石化系统的三个重要组成部分,它们既能各自构建独立的体系,但又存在着密不可分的相互作用、风险传递关系。基于风险的管理(RBM)中,基于风险的检验(RBI)、以可靠性为中心的维护(RCM)与安全联锁完整性等级评估(SIL)涵盖了对静、动、仪的风险评估,但大量的实践表明,系统的失效是静设备、动设备与仪表联锁三个体系中某一环节的非正常动作,通过工艺介质的风险传递、扩大并相互作用,最终导致了承压类设备的失效,因此,简单、单一地对装置进行逐个评估,未必能覆盖系统中所有的失效可能。提出了一种基于石化装置系统RBI-SIL分析的承压设备完整性评估技术构思,其目的是可以更有效、更精确地评估系统风险,寻找系统产生风险的源头,制定更有效、优化的降险措施,尽可能地预防这种风险传递而导致承压设备失效事件的发生。In petrochemical plants, vessels, rotary equipments and instrumented interlocks are three basic sub - systems. Three parts work independently and also affect mutually through risk - transfer. Risk based inspection（RBI）, reliability centered maintenance （RCM） and the safety integrity level assessment （SIL）, which belong to Risk based management（RBM） system, concern on the assessment work about vessels, rotary equipments and instrumented interlocks respectively. However, practice proves that petro- chemical system failures are mostly initiated by certain element in one of three talked - above sub - sys- tems and transferred, even aggravated sometimes, by process medium. Therefore, a simple assessment workfocus on only one of the tree sub - systems is not enough to identify and control all the system failures. This paper presents a method on pressure equipment safety integrity assessment which is based on RBI - SIL analysis. By this method,we can assess system risk more effectively and more accurately. According- ly, we can degrade or control system risk eventually.

关 键 词：基于风险的检验(RBI) 以可靠性为中心的维护(RCM) 安全联锁完整性等级评估(SIL) 风险传递 完整性评估 

分 类 号：O211.67[理学—概率论与数理统计] TB114.39[理学—数学]