二次纤维的微波强化碱预处理及其氰乙基化改性研究  

Microwave-assisted Alkali Pretreatment and Cyanoethylation of Secondary Fiber

作　　者：张春红[1] 孙可伟[2] 陈秋玲[3] 孙珮石[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学工程技术研究院,云南昆明650091 [2]昆明理工大学,固体废弃物资源化国家工程研究中心,云南昆明650033 [3]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650033

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2012年第4期107-112,共6页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究计划项目(2011FB015);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2010Y243);云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室主任基金(无编号)

摘　　要：对二次纤维(SF)的微波强化碱预处理及其氰乙基化反应工艺及反应产物氰乙基化二次纤维(CSF)结构、性能和热塑化机理进行探讨。结果表明,在微波辐射功率200、400和600 W的作用条件下,辐射特定时间都能明显提高SF的反应程度、缩短反应时间,微波连续辐射比间歇辐射更有利于提高SF的氰乙基化反应程度;SF的氰乙基化有消晶效果,CSF的结晶度降低随着含氮量的增加而不断降低、晶面间距增大;CSF具有热塑性,可热压成形;SF氰乙基化反应程度越高,CSF的热塑性能和力学性能越好;CSF之所以具有热塑化性,与SF引入取代基团—CH2CH2CN,纤维素的结晶结构遭到破坏而促进纤维素大分子或链段的运动有关。Microwave was applied to enhance alkali pretreatment and its impact on cyanoethyl modification of secondary fiber （SF） was studied in this paper. The structures, properties and thermoplastic mechanism of cyanoethylated SF （CSF） were also investigated. The results indicated that the microwave radiation power e. g. , 200,400 and 600 W, could improve the reaction de- gree of CSF and reduce the reaction time of cyanoethylation. The continuous microwave radiation was more effective than batch one. Decrystallization of cellulose was observed as SF was cyanoethylated. The crystallinity degree of CSF decreased with the in- creasing reaction degree of eyanoethylation, but meanwhile, the interplanar distance of CSF increased. CSF was thermoplastic and thermo-compressed substrate. The CSF with higher degree of cyanoethylation showed better mechanical and thermoplastic properties. The thermoplastic property of CSF should be attributed to the introduction of --CH2CH2 CN groups onto cellulose, which destroyed the structure of cellulose crystalline, and promoted the movement of cellulose macromolecule and/or chain segment.

关 键 词：氰乙基化反应 微波强化 二次纤维 碱预处理 改性 辐射功率 反应产物 反应时间 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]