三叶鬼针草生长、繁殖规律与防除效果研究  

Growth Regularity,Seed Propagation and Control Effect of Bidens pilosa

作　　者：邓玲姣[1] 邹知明[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业职业技术学院,广西南宁530007 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2012年第4期1460-1463,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：玉林市-广西大学市校科技合作项目(玉市校科攻201104401)

摘　　要：三叶鬼针草为外来入侵杂草,对环境和生物多样性造成严重影响,又因其生长速度极快,可以作为动物饲料开发利用。通过进行三叶鬼针草生长测定、种子繁殖和侵占特性、除草剂的防除效果试验,结果表明:随着刈割高度的提高,三叶鬼针草鲜生物产量、干物质含量和粗纤维含量随之提高,但粗蛋白含量随之降低,从饲料利用来考虑适宜的三叶鬼针草刈割高度为61～80 cm,一年适宜刈割3～4次,其总鲜生物产量为7.28 kg/m2,干物质产量为1.32 kg/m2,粗蛋白质产量可达205.9 g/m2,有较大的饲料开发价值。三叶鬼针草种子成熟季节分布规律为春、夏季约占14%,秋季约占50%,冬季约占36%。种子发芽的主要季节是春、夏季(约占66%)。防治路边或高大乔木林里的三叶鬼针草,使用百草枯100倍液喷施防治效果较好;防治农作物中的三叶鬼针草,建议使用乙草胺100～200倍液并添加增效剂,效果更佳。Bidens pilosa,as invasive weeds,severely impacted the environment and biodiversity.Bidens pilosa could be applied to develop animal feed owing to its incredibly swift growth.Tests on its growth detection,seed propagation,invasive features and control effect of Bidens pilosa were conducted.The results showed that with the rise of cutting height,fresh grass yield,dry matter content and crude fiber content were going upward,while the content of crude protein was on the downside.Regarding feed manufacturing,the appropriate cutting height was 61-80 cm,cutting times 3-4,total fresh biological yield 7.28 kg/m2,dry matter yield 1.32 kg/m2,and crude protein yield 205.9 g/m2,under which circumstances it had considerable value for feed development.Seed maturity season distribution for spring,summer and autumn accounted for about 14 %,50 %,winter 36 %,respectively.Spring and summer were the primary seed germination seasons（about 66 %）.As to prevention control of Bidens pilosa on the roadside or forest,paraquat 100 times liquid was No.1 choice,while for controlling Bidens pilosa in crops,acetochlor 100-200 times liquid was better.

关 键 词：三叶鬼针草 生长规律 生物产量 刈割利用 防治 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]