陕北沙区煤矸石废弃地的植被恢复技术研究  

Vegetation Restoration Technologies in the Coal Gangue Waste Lands in Sandy Areas of Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：符亚儒 张继平 董强 李军宝 赵国平 石长春 

机构地区：[1]陕西省治沙研究所,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2012年第5期178-183,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目"陕北资源开发区生态恢复与重建技术研究"(200804016);陕西省"13115"科技创新工程重大科技专项(2009ZDKG-67)

摘　　要：以陕北沙区大柳塔镇的石圪台矿煤矸石废弃地为试验对象,在调查分析矿区煤矸石废弃地的现状和植被恢复存在的困难的基础上,通过基质改良、优良植物种选择、配置模式和保水防渗漏造林技术等方面的研究,选出6种优良灌木树种和3种草本植物;树种成活率在80%以上,植被覆盖度达到了50%以上,土壤养分明显提高;采用在栽植穴底垫厚度10cm以上黄土或喷液态地膜可起到明显防渗漏保水效果,可显著提高植物的生长量。在实践中探索出一套在沙区煤矸石废弃地恶劣环境条件下植被恢复的适用技术,为沙区煤矸石废弃地的植被恢复提供了科学依据和示范样板。Vegetation restoration technologies in the coal gangue waste lands in sandy areas of northern Shaanxi were examined. Current status and difficulties during the vegetation restoration in the area were investigated. Six species of suitable bushes and 3 herbal species were selected for the vegetation restoration in the coal gangue waste lands based on the studies of the improvement of soil matrix,selection of fine plant species, arrangement of plant species, afforestation technology of water conservation and leakage preven- tion. The survival rate of the plant species selected was over 80%, and the rate of vegetation coverage was more than 50%, and the soil nutrition levels were improved significantly. Plant growth could be signifi- cantly improved by padding loess soil with a thickness of 10 cm to 15 cm in the tree pits, or by spraying liquid membrane. The results of this study would provide scientific foundations and demonstration models for vegetation restoration of coal gangue waste lands in sandy regions.

关 键 词：煤矸石 植被恢复 植物种 造林技术 

分 类 号：S731.6[农业科学—林学]