城市空间结构的环境绩效：进展与思考  

Urban Spatial Structure and Environmental Performance:Review and Thought

作　　者：颜文涛[1] 萧敬豪[2] 胡海[3] 邹锦[4] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院规划系山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 [2]重庆大学建筑城规学院规划系 [3]重庆市规划局总工办 [4]重庆大学建筑城规学院景观系

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2012年第5期50-59,共10页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(项目批准号:51278504);中国博士后科学基金资助(项目批准号:20110490808)

摘　　要：界定了国内外城市空间结构的环境绩效概念,分析了城市空间结构和环境绩效的定量化表达参数和指标,总结出形态对比分析法、梯度分析法、环境主因素分析法及环境模型分析法等4种研究方法。从能量流动过程、物质循环过程和生物过程等3个层面,涵盖能源利用绩效、水环境绩效、空气环境绩效、土壤环境绩效、生物多样性绩效等5个方面,对近年来城市空间结构的环境绩效研究进行了综述,提出了未来城市空间结构的环境绩效的研究方向。思考和讨论了最优空间结构、阈值现象、环境问题根源及规划重塑环境过程等问题,从空间规划的环境绩效、"生态平衡"的价值选择、过程解析与形态重构、规划单元与环境单元的融合等四个方面提出对我国规划研究的启示。In this paper, the concept of environmental performance of spatial struc- ture is defined. Quantitative parameters of urban spatial structure and environmen- tal performance are analyzed. The four types of research methods summarized in this article include morphological contrast, gradient analysis, principal factor analy- sis, and environmental model. The paper reviews empirically the impacts of spa- tial structures on performances in energy utilization, water environment, air envi- ronment, soil environment and biodiversity. It reviews and comments on existing studies in the environmental performance of spatial planning, value choice of eco- logical balance, process analysis and morphology reconstruction, and integration of planning units and environment units. Best spatial structure, thresholds, and ur- ban design strategies to rebuild the environmental processes are also covered. In addition, the paper proposes directions for future researches on spatial structure and its environmental performance.

关 键 词：城市空间结构 环境绩效 研究进展 思考与启示 

分 类 号：TU984.113[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]