武陵山区苗族儿童青少年Heath-Carter体型分析  

Analysis on somatotype of Miao children and adolescents by Heath-Carter method in Wuling mountain areas

作　　者：黄大元[1] 张惠娟[1] 吴国运[1] 梁成青[1] 熊健[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学医学院人体解剖学教研室,吉首416000

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2012年第4期510-513,521,共5页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目基金（09YJCZH052）;湘西土家族苗族自治州科技计划指导性项目（2009zd09）

摘　　要：目的：探讨湘鄂渝黔边区苗族儿童青少年体型发育特征及其规律。方法：应用Heath-Carter体型法对1896名苗族青少年进行体型评价。结果：男性中因子值大于女性，内因子值小于女性；男性体型以中胚层为主，女性体型以中胚层和内胚层为主；随着年龄增长，男性由偏内胚层的中胚层体型、均衡的中胚层体型发展为偏外胚层的中胚层体型，女性由偏内胚层的中胚层、均衡的中胚层、三胚层中间型、内胚层一中胚层均衡型发展为偏中胚层的内胚层体型。结论：苗族青少年男、女性的体型发育存在着差异，男性身体线性程度相对较高，外形上稍瘦削、肌肉发达；女性脂肪含量较多、线性程度较低。与其他群体比较，苗族学生肌肉发达，线性程度低。Objective： To explore the characteristics and rules of somatotype of the Miao children and adolescents in the bor der area of Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou provinces and Chongqing city. Methods： The somatotypes of 1986 Miao adolescents were evaluated by using the Heath-Carter anthropometric method. Results： The mesomorphy of male was bigger than that of female, and endomorphy of female was bigger than that of male. The primary somatotype in male was mesomorph; while in female was mesomorph and endomorph. With age increasing, male somatotypes developed from endomorphie mesomorph, balanced mesomorph to ectomorphic mesomorph; however in female the pattern was from endomorphic mesomorph, balanced mesomorph, central and endomorph-mesomorph to mesomorphic endomorph. Conclusion： There is a significant differ ence in somatotype between male and female of Miao adolescents. The somatotypes of male are slender with less fat and more muscular; however, females are plumper with more body fat and shorter stature. Miao adolescents have more muscular and less ectomorphic than do other populations.

关 键 词：体型 苗族 儿童青少年 HEATH-CARTER体型法 

分 类 号：R857.11[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]