利用先导通道三维空间结构研究的先导发展速度  

Leader Development Velocity Based on Leader Channel Three Dimensional Spatial Structure

作　　者：耿屹楠[1] 庄池杰[2] 曾嵘[2] 李志钊[2] 余占清[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084 [2]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点试验室,北京100084

出　　处：《高电压技术》2012年第9期2465-2472,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB209403);国家自然科学基金(50777035)~~

摘　　要：先导发展长度与速度是描述先导发展过程的重要参数,也是近年国内外研究热点。电荷耦合高速摄像机的广泛应用为研究先导发展速度提供了有力工具。为定量研究先导发展速度,利用2台电荷耦合高速摄像机对长空气放电过程进行同步拍摄结果,利用图像处理方法重建了长空气间隙放电先导通道发展过程的三维结构。对12m棒-板间隙在正极性操作冲击电压下先导发展过程进行观测后,基于先导通道三维空间结构的时域演变,将先导发展方式分为平稳发展与"突跳"2种方式。在此基础上定量分析了先导发展的一维轴向速度、二维路径速度以及三维空间速度。研究结果表明,在12m棒-板间隙的先导平均一维轴向发展速度为1.8cm/μs,平均二维路径速度为2.03cm/μs,平均三维空间速度为2.3cm/μs;先导通道发生"突跳"时,先导通道长度瞬时剧烈增大,发展速度瞬时剧烈增大,发展速度分散性很大,在10～30cm/μs。Leader development length and velocity are main parameters for describing the propagation of leader. The world-wide use of charge-coupled device high speed camera provides a powerful tool for researching leader development velocity. Based on photographs of long air gap discharge taken by two high speed cameras synchronously, the three dimensional spatial structure of leaders can be reconstructed according to images process method, which is helpful for researching leader length and velocity. According to observing leader propagation process in 12 m air gaps under positive switching voltages in atmospheric pressure, the development styles of leader can be divided into two parts, namely, steady style and sudden-jump style. The leader development velocity in one - dimension, two-dimension, and three-dimension is also analyzed quantitatively, average one- dimensional velocity is 1.8 cm/μs, average two-dimensional velocity is 2.03 cm/μs, and average three-dimensional velocity is 2.3 cm/μs. When leader channels develop in sudden-jump style, the lengths of leader channels increase sharply, the speed of leader channels increases with large variances, in the range of 10 cm/μs to 30 cm/μs.

关 键 词：长空气间隙放电 先导 高速摄像机 三维空间结构 操作冲击电压 发展速度 突跳 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]