出院后不同喂养方式对低出生体质量早产儿1～3月龄体格生长的影响  

The effect of different feeding patterns on growth in 1 to 3 months old low-birth-weight premature infants after discharge

作　　者：吴繁[1] 崔其亮[1] 张慧[1] 谭小华[1] 高平明[2] 黄润忠 杨基龙 阮婉芬 黄志坚 瞿柳红[7] 丘小汕[8] 湛洁谊[9] 高树辉 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院第三附属医院儿科,广东广州510150 [2]佛山市妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东佛山528000 [3]佛山市顺德区妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东佛山528300 [4]广州市番禺区妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东广州511400 [5]佛山市顺德区第一人民医院新生儿科,广东佛山528300 [6]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心新生儿科,广东广州510623 [7]广州市花都区妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东广州510800 [8]中山大学附属第一医院新生儿科,广东广州510080 [9]广州医学院第一附属医院新生儿科,广东广州510120 [10]佛山市禅城区中心医院新生儿科,广东佛山528031

出　　处：《临床儿科杂志》2012年第9期814-818,共5页Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(No.粤科规划字[2011]97号);广州市科技计划项目应用基础研究专项重点项目(No.2011J4100046);广州市医药卫生科技项目(No.201102A213149)

摘　　要：目的 探讨低出生体质量早产儿出院后，以早产儿出院后配方奶、母乳、足月儿配方奶三种不同方式喂养对其生后1-3月龄体质量、身长、头围等体格生长指标的影响。方法 将从广东省10家医院新生儿科出院的407例低出生体质量早产儿按喂养方式不同，分为早产儿出院后配方奶喂养组 （PDF组，n=258）、母乳喂养组 （BM组，n=58）、足月儿配方奶喂养组 （TF组，n=91），观察比较各组婴儿生后1-3个月体质量、身长、头围的增长情况。结果 PDF组婴儿在1、2、3月龄时体质量、身长的增长均超过TF组，差异有统计学意义 （P均〈0.05）；PDF组婴儿在1、3月龄时体质量、身长的增长超过BM组，差异有统计学意义 （P均〈0.05），但在2月龄时，体质量、身长的增长与BM组差异无统计学意义 （P均〉0.05）；三组婴儿在1、2、3月龄时，头围增长差异均无统计学意义 （P均〉0.05）。结论 低出生体质量早产儿出院后应用PDF喂养能促进生后早期的体质量、身长增长，这可能有助于低出生体质量早产儿实现追赶生长，避免或减少宫外发育迟缓的发生。Objective To compare the effects of post-discharge formula （PDF）, breast milk （BM） or term formula （TF） on growth parameters （e.g. weight, length, and head circumference） at 1, 2 and 3 months after birth in low-birth-weight premature infants. Methods A total of 407 low-birth-weight premature infants from ten hospitals of Guangzhou and Foshan City, Guangdong Province, were chosen for this study. The infants were assigned into three groups, PDF-fed group （n=258）, BM-fed group （n=58） and TF-fed group （n=91）. The body weight, length and head circumference were recorded at 1, 2 and 3 months after birth. The increment of each growth parameters was calculated. Results PDF-fed group had gained significantly more body weight and length than TF-fed group at 1, 2 and 3 months after birth （P〈0.05） and BM-fed group at 1 and 3 months after birth （P〈0.05）, but the difference was not significant between PDF-fed and BM-fed group at 2 months after birth （P〉0.05）. The gains of head circumference were not different at 1, 2 and 3 months after birth among three groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions Feeding low-birth-weight premature infants with PDF after hospital discharge could improve their body weight and length gains in the early postnatal period. It could help low-birth-weight premature infants achieve catch-up growth, and reduce or even avoid the incidence of extrauterinegrowth retardation.

关 键 词：早产儿 低出生体质量 喂养方式 营养 生长发育 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]