正品及伪品大黄药效与毒性的比较研究  

Comparison between Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum franzenbachii Munt. on Pharmacological Effect and Toxicity

作　　者：冯天师[1] 王玉刚[1] 柴玉爽[1] 肖新月 严华 魏锋 雷帆[1] 林瑞超 杜力军[3] 杜力军 

机构地区：[1]清华大学蛋白质科学教育部重点实验室/生命科学学院医学院药物药理研究室,北京100084 [2]国家食品药品检定研究院,北京100050 [3]清华大学蛋白质科学教育部重点实验室/生命科学学院医学院药物药理研究室,北京100084

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2012年第4期1863-1870,共8页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：科学技术部国家“十一五”科技支撑项目(2006BAI14B01):药品安全关键技术研究--常见与重要药品安全标准研究,负责人:肖新月;科学技术部国家“十一五”计划“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2009ZX09502):中药研究关键技术--与药效相关的中药质量评价关键技术研究,子课题负责人:杜力军

摘　　要：目的:比较正品大黄与华北大黄的药效和毒性,论证临床上两种药物混用时的可行性。方法:通过整体动物实验观察小鼠排便潜伏期及其总排便量;小肠运动实验观察药物的小肠推进率;纤维蛋白形成实验观察药物对凝血时间的影响;小鼠LD50观察药物急性毒性。体外实验分别观察药物对小肠大肠的收缩影响;MTT法测定药物对肝细胞HepG2细胞的毒性。结果:正品大黄提取物能明显促进小鼠排便,但是对小肠推进无明显作用;口服等量的华北大黄提取物对排便无明显作用,但是能促进小肠的推进。正品大黄大剂量能缩短凝血时间,华北大黄无明显作用。华北大黄的细胞毒性大于正品大黄。华北大黄的急性毒性大于正品大黄,两者不同比例配合的急性毒性显示,毒性大小与华北大黄呈正相关,而与正品大黄呈负相关。土大黄苷未观察到明显的毒性反应。结论:华北大黄与正品大黄在药效与毒性方面有较大不同,不宜混用。This study was aimed to verify disadvantages of the mixture of clinical using of Rheum palmatum L.（RPL） and Rheum franzenbachii Munt. （RFM） by comparison of their pharmacological effect and toxicity. In the in vivo experiment, potential time of defecation and quantity of feces were employed, the promotion of small in- testine was observed to evaluate herbs on the intestinal function. The clotting time was employed for blood coagu- lation system. The lethal half dose and maximum tolerant dosage were carried out for the acute toxicity. In vitro experienment, the cytotoxicity on HepG2 cell line by MTI＇ assay was employed for the toxicity. The results showed that there is a distinct promotion of feces after RPL administration, while no effect appeared after RFM administration. For the promotion on small intestine, RFM had a positive effect, but RPL had a negative effect. The large dosage of RPL promoted the clotting time, while RFM had no effect. In toxicity, RFM showed heavier than RPL in vivo and in vitro. Rhapontin, the major component of EFM, showed negative toxicity by acute toxici- ty and cytotoxicity essay. It was concluded that there are apparent differences between both herbs in pharmacolog- ical effect and toxicity, so they are not suggested the use in mixture or substitute in clinic.

关 键 词：大黄 华北大黄 排便 肠蠕动 急性毒性 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]