原油分析新方法——TGA曲线法及其应用  

A New Analysis Method for Crude Oil—TGA Method and Its Application

作　　者：张洁[1] 汤颖[1] 孙文娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710065 [2]宁夏大学化学化工学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《油田化学》2012年第3期357-361,共5页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"环保型聚糖-木质素钻井液体系的应用基础研究"(项目编号50874092);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目"多功能原油流动性改进剂设计合成与作用机理研究"(项目编号11JK0560)

摘　　要：利用热分析法中的TGA曲线建立了简单、快速测定原油组分的新方法,该方法不受原油组成和流动性的限制,由原油样品的TGA曲线即可得出原油中各组分分布。实验结果表明,原油样品TGA曲线不同温度段的失重率可以反映原油中各组分的相对比例。该信息不仅可以为原油降凝剂适宜碳数的确定提供依据,在此基础上还可以针对不同原油进行清/防蜡剂配方及相应降凝剂配方的筛选;此外,由TGA曲线得到的残渣率还可反映蜡样中非油性组分的相对含量。综合原油热分析结果与原油流动性测试结果发现,非油性组分对原油清防蜡剂作用效果及降黏效果有显著影响,并随其相对含量的增加,影响增大。A new simple method for rapidly determination the composition of crude oil by thermalgravimetric analysis （TGA） was established. The fractions of crude oil could be determined by analyzing the TGA curve of etude oil sample without considering the chemical nature of various crude oils and their flowability. The results showed that the relative proportions of various compositions in crude oil were in corresponding with its loss-in-weight ratio at different temperature range. Based on it, the optimum carbon number in viscosity reducer could be confirmed and the formulas of paraffin inhibitor and paraffin remover were screened. Furthermore, residue ratio obtained from TGA curve indicated the content of non-oleaginous in the samples, which had great effect on the performance of paraffin inhabitation and removing. And the effect enlarged with increasing content of non-oleaginous in crude oil.

关 键 词：热重分析曲线 原油组分 清蜡剂 防蜡剂 降黏剂 

分 类 号：TE622[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]