施肥量与种植密度对桂糖29号产量及构成因素的影响  

Effects of fertilizer rate and planting density on yield and its components of GT29

作　　者：段维兴[1] 刘许辉[2] 杨海霞[2] 张荣华[1] 高轶静[1] 王泽平[1] 罗霆[1] 宋焕忠[1] 张革民[1] 方锋学[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/中国农科院甘蔗研究中心/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]广西大学农学院,南宁530005

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2012年第8期1145-1148,共4页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化基金项目(2011GB2E100014);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-20-1-3);广西农业科技成果转化基金项目(SQ2011ECE100043);广西自然科学基金项目(2011GXNSFF018002;2010GXNSFD013034;2012GXNSFBA053036);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2011YT01;2011YT04;2012YM14);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(2011JM06)

摘　　要：【目的】确定甘蔗新品种"桂糖29号"最佳施肥量与种植密度,为生产上推广种植该品种提供依据。【方法】采用施肥量与种植密度两因素裂区试验,施肥量为主区,设3个施用复合肥水平,分别为2250、3750、5250kg/ha,种植密度为副区,设7.5、9.0、10.5、12.0万芽/ha4个水平,调查各处理甘蔗总苗数、有效茎数、株高、茎径、蔗糖分、产量等性状,分析不同施肥量与种植密度对产量及构成因素的影响。【结果】施肥量2250kg/ha、种植密度9.0万芽/ha处理的产量最高,为95.34t/ha;施肥量3750kg/ha、密度7.5万芽/ha处理的株高最高,为209cm,显著高于施肥量5250kg/ha、密度10.5万芽/ha处理(193cm);各处理间产量、分蘖率、茎径、蔗糖分差异均不显著;产量与单位面积内有效茎数呈正相关。【结论】桂糖29号适宜施肥量为N260kg/ha、P2O5130kg/ha、K2O150kg/ha(N∶P2O5∶K2O=12∶6∶7),最适种植密度为9.0万芽/ha。[Ohjective ]The present research was conducted to determine the optimal fertilizer rate and planting density of a new sugarcane variety GT29 to provide references for extending this variety in sugarcane production. [ Method ] Split-plot experiment with two factors （fertilizer rate and planting density） was designed to investigate sugarcane agronomic traits, such as total number of seedlings, number of millable stalks, plant height, stalk diameter, sucrose content, yield, at etc., for analyzing the effects of 3 fertilizer rates （2250, 3750 and 5250 kg/ha） and 4 planting densities （7.5×10^4, 9.0×10^4, 10.5×10^4 and 12×10^4 buds/ha） on sugarcane yield and its components. [ Result ] Sugarcane yield reached the highest （95.34 t/ha） at the fertilizer rate of 2250 kg/ha and planting density of 90,000 buds/ha; plant height was the tallest （209 cm） at the fertilizer rate of 3750 kg/ha and plant density of 75000 buds/ha, which was significantly higher than that at the fertilizer rate of 5250 kg/ha and plant density of 105000 buds/ha （193 cm）. No significant difference in yield, tillering rate, stalk diameter, and sucrose content was found among different treatments, while sugarcane yield was positively correlated with number of millable stalks per unit area. [Conclusion]For GT29, the optimum fertilizer rate was N 260 kg/ha,P205 130 kg/ha, K20 150 kg/ha （N：P2O5：K20=12：6：7）, and the optimum planting density was 90000 buds/ha.

关 键 词：桂糖29号 肥料 密度 产量 

分 类 号：S566.104[农业科学—作物学]