砧木对菲诺47柠檬树体生长、果实品质及叶片氮磷钾含量的影响  

Effect of different rootstocks on tree growth, fruit quality and N, P, K content in Fino 47 lemon trees

作　　者：洪林[1] 谢永红[1] 刘正富[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院果树研究所,重庆402260

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2012年第8期1173-1178,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技部成果转化资金项目(2010GB2F100391);重庆市重大科技攻关项目(2005AB1014)

摘　　要：【目的】研究6种砧木对菲诺47柠檬幼树树体生长、果实品质及年周期内叶片氮磷钾含量的影响,为选择适宜砧木和合理施肥提供一定的参考。【方法】以6种不同砧木(卡里佐枳橙、沃尔卡默、枳、红桔、香橙、斯文格枳柚)的菲诺47柠檬幼树为试材,对植株生长、果实品质及年周期内叶片氮磷钾含量进行测定。【结果】不同砧木对菲诺47柠檬树体生长有不同影响,其中以卡里佐枳橙处理的柠檬植株树高和冠径最大;卡里佐枳橙和斯文格枳柚处理的柠檬新梢生长量较大,生长势旺盛;沃尔卡默处理的末级枝梢数最高。不同砧木处理的柠檬开花习性存在明显差异,其中以斯文格枳柚处理的柠檬3年生幼树春花量最大,秋花量则以香橙处理最大。各处理的柠檬果实品质也有不同,其中以斯文格枳柚处理的平均单果重最大,以沃尔卡默处理的果实可滴定酸和可溶性固形物含量最高,以枳和香橙处理的果皮较薄且油胞细小,以香橙处理的果实出汁率最高。不同砧木处理不影响菲诺47柠檬幼树叶片N、P、K含量的年变化动态,但不同时间各处理的N、P、K含量存在差异。【结论】沃尔卡默和斯文格枳柚为菲诺47柠檬的较适宜砧木,可在生产上适当推广应用。[Objective ]The present experiment was carried out to evaluate influences of six rootstocks on tree growth, fruit quality and N, P, K content in Fino 47 lemon treelets, and provide references for suitable rootstock selection and rational fertilization. [Method]Tree growth, fruit quality, and annual dynamic changes in N, P, K content in leaves were measured in Fino 47 lemon with six different rootstocks （Carrizo citrange, Volkamer, Trifoliate, Red tangerine, Junos, Swingle citrumelo）. [Result]Different effects of 6 rootstocks were found in treelet growth, flowering, and fruit quality of Fino 47 melon. For treelet growth, the trees grafed with Carrizo citrange had the highest tree height and crown diameter; new branches of trees grafted with Carrizo citrange and Swingle citrumelo grew more vigorously than those on other rootstocks. The terminal branches of trees grafted with Volkamer was the highest. For flowering, the quantity of spring flowers of three-year-old Fino 47 lemon treelets grafted with Swingle citrumelo was the highest, whereas the highest quantity of autumn flowers was found on that of Junos. For fruit quality, trees grafted with Swingle citrumelo generated the biggest fruit. The highest content of titratahle acids and soluble solids were found in fruits from trees grafted with Volkamer. The pericarp became thinner and oil gland became smaller by using Trifoliate and Junos as rootstocks. The juice content in fruits of Junos was the highest. The different rootstocks did not impact the annual dynamic changes of N, P, and K in leaves, but influenced the contents of N, P, and K in leaves at different stages. [Conclusion]It was concluded that Volkamer and Swingle citrumelo were suitable rootstocks for Fino 47 lemon, and could be extendedly applied in production.

关 键 词：柠檬 菲诺47 砧木 树体生长 果实品质 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S666.5[农业科学—果树学]