艾比湖地区植被分布及物种多样性研究  

Study on Vegetation Distribution and Species Diversity in the Ebinur Lake Basin

作　　者：马玉娥[1,2] 钱亦兵[1] 段士民[1] 常轶深[1,2] 李扬旗 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]新疆环境工程评估中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2012年第5期776-783,共8页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41171157)

摘　　要：应用重要值计算多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数,对艾比湖流域植被分布及物种多样性进行分析。结果表明:①研究区域内可划分出10个群落,其中多枝柽柳群落(Form.Tamarix ramosissima)分布最为广泛。②湖岸植被表现出明显的带状分布特点,并且群落物种多样性随地势发生变化,地势高的地方,物种多样性较高,均匀度较好。③在南北断面内,影响植物生长的主要因素为土壤含盐量。随着土壤盐分的增加,物种种类趋向单一,群落结构趋向简单。相反物种多样性随着土壤盐分的减少而增大。④受风况和土壤含盐量的影响,南北断面植被组成差异较大,且在近湖岸范围内,南断面植物群落物种多样性和植物生长状态明显优于北断面。In this study, the species composition and structural characteristics of the plant communities along the south and north transects in the Ebinur Lake Basin were systemically observed and measured. Based on the results, the important values of the species were chosen to calculate the indices of species diversity, evenness and domi-nance, and analyze the vegetation distribution and species diversity. The results are as follows： （1） Plants in the study region can be divided into ten communities, among them the Form. Tamarix chinensis was widely distributed; （2） There was a zonal distribution of vegetation in the lake basin. The species diversity of plant communities varied with the change of terrain, and the species diversity and evenness of the plant communities were high in the places with high altitude; （3） Along the south and north transects, soil salt content was the main factor affecting plant growth. With the increase of soil salt content, the number of species tended to decreasing and the structure of plant communities to simplifying. Species diversity increased with the decrease of soil salt content, showing a high spe-cies diversity of plant communities on the alluvial-proluvial plain where the south transect was located in and the desert zone where the north transect was located in; （4） Affected by wind regime and soil salt content, the vegeta-tion composition along the south transect was quite different from that along the north one. In the lakeshore, the species diversity of plant communities was higher and the plant growth was more flourishing along the south transect than that along the north transect.

关 键 词：植物群落 物种多样性 均匀度指数 土壤盐分 艾比湖 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]