发动机铝缸盖底注式铸造工艺研究  

Production of Aluminum Engine Cylinder Head by Bottom Pouring Casting

作　　者：姜银方[1] 龙昆[1] 袁国定[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2012年第9期862-865,共4页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

摘　　要：为解决采用传统顶注式铸造工艺生产发动机汽缸盖过程中存在的表面质量差,夹渣、气孔等铸造缺陷难以控制的问题,针对铝缸盖结构特点与技术要求,提出了一种新型的金属型底注式铸造工艺。确定了铝缸盖铸件在金属型重力铸造条件下的浇注系统,并采用水道与压缩空气联合冷却的方法,实现铸件自下而上顺序凝固,保证了金属液平稳充型、排气、积渣充分。经铸件质量的对比分析,表明该底注式铸造工艺设计合理、可行,生产的铸件表面品质好,气孔、渣孔等缺陷少,缸盖品质有显著提高。Poor surface quality,slag inclusion,porosity and other casting defects easily appear in the aluminum engine cylinder head produced by traditional top-filling casting.To eliminate the problems which were difficult to control,a new bottom pouring method was proposed based on the structural characteristics and technical requirements of engine cylinder head.Gating system was determined for permanent mold casting aluminum alloy engine cylinder head,and cooling method of waterways combined with compressed air was adopted to achieve a sequential solidification of aluminum alloy melt from the bottom to top,which could ensure a smooth filling of molten metal,good exhaust capacity,and also reduce the slag deposition fully.Comparative analysis on casting quality shows that the bottom pouring design is reasonable and feasible,and good surface quality,few casting defects such as porosity,slag hole,and so on,could be realized,significantly improving quality of cylinder head.

关 键 词：发动机 铝缸盖 浇注系统 铸造工艺 

分 类 号：TG249.3[金属学及工艺—铸造] TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]