国家散射日射标准及其校准方法  

NATIONAL DIFFUSE IRRADIANCE STANDARD AND ITS CALIBRATION METHOD

作　　者：杨云[1] 丁蕾[1] 权继梅[1] 边泽强[1] 程兴宏[2] 彭继达[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象局气象公共气象服务中心,北京100081 [3]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京210044

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2012年第9期1615-1620,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目"中国大气本底站总日射表热偏移物理机制及订正方法研究"(40905071)

摘　　要：标准总辐射应由标准直接日射表和标准散射日射表来测量。建立散射日射标准和校准方法,将世界辐射测量基准(WRR)从标准直接日射表直接传递给散射日射标准,以保证标准总日射表校准结果的准确性。通过对"遮/不遮"法的试验研究并与成分和法比较,前者校准的总日射表的灵敏度值不含有热偏移误差,测量的散射日射准确度较高。从减少不确定度的角度,"遮/不遮"法仅涉及一台标准仪器,且是直接日射表中不确定度最小的直接溯源到WRR的腔体直接日射表,其他方法涉及的标准器引入的误差都大于该方法。The standard total irradiance is measured by the standard pyrheliometer and standard diffuse pyranome- ter. It＇s very important to establish the diffuse irradiance standard and corresponding calibration method and to transfer the World Radiometric Reference （WRR） from a standard pyheliometer directly to the diffuse irradiance standard, in order to make sure the accuracy of standard pyranometer. By comparing ＂shade/unshade＂ method with sum composition method, the sensitivity using ＂shade/unshade＂ method was not affected by thermal offset, the diffuse irradiance result is more accurate. From the perspective of reducing uncertainty, the ＂shade/unshade＂ method is much better as it just uses one standard instrument with least uncertainty which is directly traceable to WRR, while the error caused by other methods involving more standard instruments was larger.

关 键 词：总日射表 校准方法 散射日射 直接日射表 热偏移 

分 类 号：P414.51[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]