中国输配电网技术效率与全要素生产率研究——基于2005-2009年24家省级电力公司面板数据的分析  

Study on Technical Efficiency and Total Factor Productivity of Transmission and Distribution Grid in China: Analysis Based on Panel Data of 24 Provincial Power Companies from 2005 to 2009

作　　者：张各兴[1,2] 夏大慰[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433 [2]上海国家会计学院,上海201702

出　　处：《财经研究》2012年第10期112-122,共11页Journal of Finance and Economics

摘　　要：文章利用2005-2009年我国国家电网公司下属24家省级电力公司面板数据,运用数据包络分析(DEA)方法和Malmquist指数,测算了我国输配电网的技术效率和全要素生产率,并实证检验了电网投资增速、电价等因素对输配电网技术效率的影响。研究发现:(1)我国各省输配电网各年的平均技术效率值处在0.6-0.65之间,总体偏低;(2)各年度的Malmquist指数都大于1,全要素生产率的平均增长率为3.9%,表明我国输配电网的全要素生产率总体上逐渐提高;(3)电网投资增速、上网电价和销售电价与技术效率显著负相关,输配电价占销售电价的比重与技术效率显著正相关。文章研究结论对于提升我国输配电网效率具有重要的现实指导意义。Based on the panel data of 24 provincial power companies from 2005 to 2009, this paper estimates the technical efficiency and total factor productivity of transmission and distribution grid in China by data enve- lopment analysis and Malmquist index. It also empirically analyzes the effects of the growth rate of grid investment and electricity prices on the technical efficiency of transmission and distribution grid. It reaches the con- clusions as follows： firstly, the annual average technical efficiency value of provincial transmission and distribution grid is between 0.6 and 0.65, and it is low as a whole; secondly, annual Malmquist productivity index is greater than 1 and the average growth rate of total factor productivity is 3. 9~, showing that total factor productivity of transmission and distribution grid in China has overall been improved; thirdly, the growth rate of grid invest- ment, on-grid electricity price and sale electricity price are all negatively related to the technical efficiency, but the proportion of transmission and distribution price to sale electricity price is positively related to the technical efficiency. The conclusions provide important enlightenment for the increase in the efficiency of transmission and distribution grid in China.

关 键 词：输配电网 技术效率 全要素生产率 数据包络分析 

分 类 号：F424.7[经济管理—产业经济]