论美国大学教师学术自由权利的历史演进  

A Historic Perspective on Academic Freedom of American University Teachers

作　　者：李丽丽[1] 唐琼一[2] 张润芝(编辑)[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学国际文化教育学院,广西桂林,541004 [2]杭州师范大学继续教育学院.浙江杭州,310036

出　　处：《临沂大学学报》2012年第4期122-125,共4页Journal of Linyi University

摘　　要：在三百多年的发展历程中,美国大学教师学术自由权利历经了缺位期、觉醒期、初步形成期、制度化时期及巩固期五个阶段。1915年,旨在保护学术自由的组织——美国大学教授协会(AAUP)正式成立,在AAUP及相关组织机构的努力下,20世纪40年代美国高等教育系统终身教职制度得以建立。AAUP的建立及其确立的原则尤其是终身职位制度给大学教师的学术自由权利提供了制度保障,它成了教师学术自由权利的守护者,美国大学教师的学术自由权利在制度上得到了保障。In light of historic perspective,this paper explored the changes of academic freedom American university teachers cherish and have been striving for both in the age of coUege and in the age of university.During its more than three hundred years of evolution,American University teacher＇s academic freedom has experienced five phases：absence period,awakening period, rudiment period,institutionalization period and consolidation period.AAUP was founded in 1915,which is aimed at protecting academic freedom.Thanks to the efforts from AAUP and other relative organizations,lifetime tenure was created in 1940s.and tenure system,together with AAUP＇s regulations,brought out a systemic protection for US university teachers＇ academic freedom.

关 键 词：美国大学 教师学术自由权利 学院时代 大学时代 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]