低碳经济下煤热解综合利用技术的应用和发展  

Application and Development of Pyrolysis Technology in Low-Carbon Economy

作　　者：郝丽芳[1] 宋文立[1] 张香平[1] 李洪钟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程）》2012年第3期231-236,共6页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51104137);国家自然科学基金委员会与神华集团煤炭联合基金项目(51174284)

摘　　要：高效、清洁、低碳化利用是煤炭资源利用技术研发的主导方向。中国的煤炭资源特点是以褐煤/次烟煤为代表的低阶煤占55%以上,其煤化程度低、挥发分高、水含量高、直接燃烧或气化效率低。煤热解工艺转化条件温和、工艺流程短、煤种适用性宽、能效高、水耗低。因此,以热解为基础的煤炭分级利用技术,尤其是以煤热解为先导的分级混合发电技术,将成为该应用领域的发展趋势。该技术是一种利用煤炭组成与结构特征提取气液燃料、化学品并联产混合发电的分级转化过程,旨在通过煤炭提质加工、工业锅炉洁净燃烧、高效蒸汽-燃气轮机发电等技术提高能效、燃煤效率和发电效率,降低煤耗,以提高煤的综合利用效率,降低污染物和CO2排放量,推动中低阶煤高效低碳化利用科学和技术的发展。The efficient, clean and low carbon utilization is the leading direction of research and develop ment of coal utilization technology. In China, the low rank coal, represented by lignite and subbituminous coal, is dominating in coal resources, accounting for more than 55%. Low rank coal is characterized with lower coalifica tion degree, higher volatile matter and moisture content, which lead to low efficiency in direct combustion and gasification process. Therefore, a staged conversion technology based on coal pyrolysis, and the pyrolysis tech nology with the features of mild conditions, simple process, wider applicability of coal, higher energy efficiency, lower water consumption, especially pyrolysis bridged hybrid power generation technology is proposed as a promising trend in research field. The process takes full advantage of coal composition characteristic to extract gas, liquid fuel, chemicals, and combined hybrid power generation. This technology can realize the improvements in energy efficiency, coalfired efficiency, power generation efficiency, and the reduction of coal consumption, by upgrading processing, clean coalfired of industrial boilers, integrating highly efficient steamgas turbine com bined cycle power generation technology. It aims to enhance coal comprehensive utilization efficiency, decrease pollutant and CO2 emission, and in the end promote the development of science and technology of high efficient lowcarbon utilization of low rank coal.

关 键 词：低碳经济 煤拔头 多联产 分级混合发电 碳排放 

分 类 号：TQ530.2[化学工程—煤化学工程]