长沙市肾综合征出血热流行特征和防控对策分析  

The epidemic characteristics and preventive measures of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Changsha City

作　　者：刘如春[1] 陈田木[1] 谢强明[1] 胡伟红[1] 李亚曼[1] 张劲夫[1] 张恒[1] 谢知[1] 

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心传染病防治科,湖南长沙410001

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2012年第9期778-780,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：湖南省科技厅项目(2010SK3007)

摘　　要：目的了解长沙市肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)流行特点并总结防控对策,为制定更好的HFRS预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集1971-2010年长沙市HFRS发病与死亡资料,以及1991-2010年HFRS发病与死亡人群、时间、地区分布资料,收集2005-2009年HFRS监测县鼠类监测资料以及宿主带毒率监测资料,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 1971-2010年长沙市HFRS疫情发展分为4个时期,每个时期历时约10年,在每个时期均有一个发病高峰,21世纪前,3个发病高峰间隔均约为10年,进入21世纪后,发病处在较低水平,但病死率有增加趋势。长沙市HFRS为姬鼠、家鼠混合型疫区,重点疫区在农村。青壮年男性高发且死亡率高,高发职业为农民,高发季节在冬春季。结论当前形势下,应在重点疫区、重点人群中强化疫苗接种,加大宣传力度,采取消毒、灭鼠等防控措施。Objective To know the epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Changsha City, and to summarize the preventive measures, so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling the disease. Methods The morbidity and mortality data of HFRS from 1971 to 2010 in Changsha City, the data on HFRS distribution of multitude, month, region from 1991 to 2010 in Changsha City, and the data on rodents density and infection rates in surveillance county from 2005 to 2009 were collected, descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed. Results The epidemic situation of HFRS in Changsha City were divided into four stages, each stage in which had a morbidity peak lasting about 10 years. The gap of every peak was about 10 years before 21 century. The incidence was decreased, but the mortality increased after 2000. It was a mixed epidemic area in Changsha City, and rural area was severe. It was showed that male prime had high level of morbidity and mortality, the high risk occupation was peasant, and the high level season of incidence was spring and winter. Conclusions In current situation, we should resort to vaccination, increasing publicity, disinfection, deratization and other measures in important area and multitude.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 流行病学研究 综合预防 人群监测 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学] R183[医药卫生—临床医学]