高速公路路域土壤特性分析及其质量评价  

Assessment of Soil Properties and Quality of the Freeway in Road Area of Highway

作　　者：田红卫[1] 黄志荣 高照良[1,3] 李永红[1,3] 张小娟[1] 李晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]新疆哈密地区榆树沟水库水管总站,新疆哈密839000 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第5期59-64,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题"农田水土保持关键技术研究与示范"(2011BAD31B01)

摘　　要：为深入研究不同扰动方式对路域土壤理化特性的影响,及路域不同部位土壤的特性,以高速公路路基、路堑、弃渣场、路肩、取土场5个部位的土壤为研究对象,对采集土壤样品的理化指标进行测定和分析。结果表明:挖和填两种扰动方式对土壤质地影响不显著,含水量及容重表现为:挖方>填方>自然;路域不同部位土壤含水量、容重呈现出取土场>路堑>路基>路肩>弃渣场>自然,土壤有机质和全氮的含量呈现为:自然>路肩>路基>路堑>弃渣场>取土场;扰动土壤的有机质、全氮和速效钾含量低于自然土壤,速效磷和全磷含量高于自然土壤;扰动土壤的机质和全氮极显著相关,全氮与无机氮显著相关,与速效钾极显著相关、与速效磷负相关、容重和无机氮负相关;路域土壤有机质、全氮、全磷缺乏,土壤肥力低。In order to study the impact of different disturbance manner and the soil properties of different location road areas, this paper took the embankment, cutting, residue field, shoulders, dug field of five parts of the soil object of study Shaanxi Baoji to Gansu Cattle highway as a case study, measured and analyzed the soil physic--chemical properties of the surface soil samples collected from the case. The results indicated that the two disturbance manner, fill and excavation, had no significant impact on soil texture. Furthermore, mois- ture content and bulk density showed the case as excavation;〉fill^natural. Soil moisture bulk density of dif- ferent parts of the road area showed the case as soil field^cut^roadbed^shoulder^residue field~〉naturally. And the soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of different parts of the road area followed the order of natural〉shoulder〉roadbed〉cutting residue field〉soil field. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen and availa- ble potassium content of disturbed soil were lower than natural soil, but the available phosphorus and total phosphorus content were higher than natural soil. In disturbed soil, significantly positive relation was ob- served between total nitrogen and soil organic matter, inorganic nitrogen and available potassium. Negative relations were observed between total nitrogen and available phosphorus, as well as bulk density and inorganic nitrogen. The soils of road areas were lack of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, Furthermore, it has a poor soil fertility.

关 键 词：路域 土壤理化性质 高速公路 相关分析 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]