河北省2009-2011年手足口病流行病学和病原学特征研究  

Study on the Epidemiological and Etiological Characteristics of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Hebei Province,2009～2011

作　　者：刘京生[1] 于秋丽[1] 谢赟[1] 刘莹莹[1] 韩彩芝[1] 齐顺祥[1] 李琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2012年第9期1284-1287,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(项目编号:C2010001553);河北省卫生厅重点课题(课题编号:20090299)

摘　　要：目的对河北省2009-2011年手足口病病例的流行病学和病原学特征进行分析,为手足口病的防治提供科学依据。方法采用RT-PCR方法对三年收集的12 482份手足口病病例标本进行检测,并将所有277 854例病例的有关信息输入Epidata软件,经过统计学检验,动态分析和比较三年间手足口病病原学和流行病学特征和变化规律。结果三年中以2010年疫情最为严重,表现在重症病例和死亡病例数显著高于2009年和2011年。病原学检测结果表明2010年主要以EV71感染为主,提示EV71是引起手足口病重症和死亡病例的主要病原体。发病年龄、男女比例和职业分布,三年比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。发病人群主要为散居儿童,农村儿童发病占80%以上。小年龄散居的农村儿童是手足口病的高发人群,尤其1岁年龄组是重症和死亡病例的高危人群。近几年疫情的"拖尾"现象明显,10月份左右的"次高峰"逐年抬高。结论 EV71感染可能与疫情强度有密切关系,但其他肠道病毒引起的感染亦不可忽视,应进一步区分病毒类型。每年的疫情高发地区有所改变,主要的病原体亦有所不同。近几年疫情的"拖尾"现象值得高度关注,有关原因应进一步研究。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand - foot - mouth disease （HFMI）） in Hebei province from 2009 to 2011 in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of HFMD. Methods A total of 12,482 specimens of patients with HFMD were detected by RT - PCR. The data of 277, 854 patients with HFMD were input in Epidata software and were statistically analyzed. The epidemiologieal and etiological characteristics and their change rules during 2009 and 2011 were dynamically analyzed and compared. Results During the three years, the epi- demic in 2010 was the severest in that the numbers of severe cases and death cases were significantly higher than those in 2009 and 2011. EVT1 was the main pathogen of HFMD severe and death cases. There were no significant differences in the age, the ratio of males to females and the occupation distribution among the patients in the three years （P ~0.05）. The afflicted popula- tion were mainly scattered children. The children in countryside accounted for over 80 % of all the patients. The younger children scattered in ＊the countryside were in higher risk, and the infants who were younger than 1 year old were the high risk population of severe cases and death cases. In recent years, the tailing phenomena were evident in the epidemic. The second peak in Oc- tomber was rising year by year. Conclusions EV71 infection may be closely correlated with the intensity of the HFMD epi- demic. However, the infections caused by other enterovirus can not be ignored. It is necessary to further distinguish the types of the other enterovirus. The high prevalence areas of HFMD vary every year, so do the main pathogens. The tailing phenomenon in HFMD epidemic in recent years should be highly concerned, and its reasons wait for further research.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 病原学 特征 拖尾现象 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]