规模化牛场废水灌溉对土壤水分和冬小麦产量品质的影响  

Effects of dairy wastewater irrigation on soil water and the yield and quality of winter wheat

作　　者：郭海刚[1] 杜会英[1] 王风[1] 张克强[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2012年第8期1498-1502,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(200903011-B1);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD15B02)

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验,设置不同的牛场废水灌溉次数,研究了冬小麦牛场废水灌溉过程中土壤水分和冬小麦产量品质的变化特征,结果表明,灌溉牛场废水土壤水分迁移和土壤贮水量与灌溉清水无显著差别,水质对土壤水分变化影响很小;冬小麦生育期内分别灌溉牛场废水2、3和4次与正常施肥灌溉施肥相比,冬小麦产量和灌溉水生产效率提高,分别提高了4.61%、6.48%、6.63%,4次牛场废水灌溉冬小麦产量略有下降,这说明灌溉牛场废水次数过多会对冬小麦造成一定的负面影响;牛场废水灌溉次数越多冬小麦籽粒中蛋白质质量分数越高,分别提高了2.50%、5.83%、8.03%,而全磷质量分数则有降低趋势。综合考虑,冬小麦生育期内牛场废水灌溉次数不应高于3次。In the study field experiments were carried out, by using different irrigating times of dairy wastewater, to study the characterizations of the soil water and the yield and quality of winter wheat during dairy wastewater irrigation. The results showed that soil water migration and soil water storage by dairy wastewater irrigation had no significant difference with that of clear water irrigation, and the dairy wastewater quality had little effect on soil water. During the growth period of winter wheat, the yield of winter wheat and irrigation water use efficiency increased by 4.61%, 6.48%, 6.63% than that of the normal fertilization irrigation when irrigating dairy wastewater by 2, 3 and 4 times respectively. However, irrigating dairy wastewater by 4 times, the yield of winter wheat declined slightly, which indicated that too much irrigating number of dairy wastewater would cause some negative impact on winter wheat. With the increase of irrigating frequency by dairy wastewater, protein content of winter wheat grain increased, and they improved 2.50%, 5.83%, 8.03%, respectively, while total phosphorus content of winter wheat grain decreased. In summary, in the growth period of winter wheat, the irrigating number of dairy wastewater should not exceed 3 times.

关 键 词：牛场废水 灌溉 土壤水分 冬小麦 产量品质 

分 类 号：S273.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]