汽车交通事故中头部损伤评估模型的构建与验证  

Construction and Validation of the Assessment Model for Human Head Injury in Vehicle Traffic Accident

作　　者：蔡志华[1] 兰凤崇[1] 陈吉清[1] 施磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,汽车工程广东省重点实验室,广州510641

出　　处：《汽车工程》2012年第9期782-786,共5页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务项目(2009ZZ0002);浙江省汽车安全控制技术重点实验室开放基金项目(2011E10005)资助

摘　　要：为预测与评判汽车碰撞事故中头部骨折和旋转加速度引起的脑损伤,对一位中国成年50百分位男性志愿者进行CT扫描,建立了具有中国人体特征的头部几何模型和有限元模型并进行验证。对模型仿真结果的运动学和动力学响应与本文和Nahum与Trosseille等前人的实验结果所进行的比较表明,颅内压力分布均表现出冲击-对冲的压力梯度分布模式,且压力峰值吻合较好,说明模型具有较高的生物逼真度。In order to predict and evaluate the human head fractures and brain damage caused by rotational acceleration in car crashes, both geometric and finite element （FE） models for human head having Chinese body features are established and verified based on the CT scanning on a 50 percentile Chinese male volunteer. The com- parison of the results of simulation on FE model in terms of kinematic and dynamic responses with those of experi- ment in this paper as well as Nahum＇s and Trosseille＇s classical experiments show that their intracranial pressure dis- tributions all assume a coup-contrecoup pressure gradient distribution mode and their peak pressures agree well with each other. These demonstrate the high biofidelity of the model.

关 键 词：汽车交通事故 头部有限元模型 损伤生物力学 

分 类 号：U491.31[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]