实验用鱼遗传质量控制及标准化  

Hereditary quality standards for laboratory fish

作　　者：孙德明[1] 王天奇[1] 朱晓红[1] 殷昆仑[1] 岳秉飞[2] 崔宗斌[3] 孙荣泽[4] 张博[5] 

机构地区：[1]国家人口计生委科学技术研究所,北京100081 [2]中国食品药品检定研究院,北京100050 [3]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [4]武汉大学医学部,武汉430072 [5]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《遗传》2012年第9期1202-1207,共6页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：北京市科委应用基础与战略高技术主题重大项目(编号:D07080200720702)资助

摘　　要：在遗传学及其他生命科学研究领域,实验用鱼已成为一类应用越来越广的实验动物,但是尚缺少标准化的质量控制标准和监管。在我国,实验动物实行严格的许可证制度和质量监督制度。实验用鱼遗传质量控制标准是实验用鱼质量控制的基础。为了规范实验用鱼的遗传质量,避免实验用鱼种质退化、遗传漂移,导致实验结果误差,开展了本标准的研究。依据《实验动物管理条例》,参考国内外实验用鱼遗传学相关的研究成果,结合我国实验用鱼生产和使用的实际情况,在全面收集、分析实验数据和广泛征询专家意见的基础上,以实验用斑马鱼和剑尾鱼遗传质量控制为规范对象,研究制定了实验用鱼遗传质量控制标准,供科研工作者参考、讨论。本标准对实验用斑马鱼和剑尾鱼的遗传分类及命名原则、实验用鱼的繁殖方法、近交系和封闭群的遗传质量监测进行了规范。新标准将为实验用鱼的使用和管理提供理论支撑。Although laboratory fish are increasingly used in genetics and other life science research fields, standard quality control and supervision are needed. In China, laboratory animals are all put into a strict licensing and quality management system by the government. The standardization of genetic quality control is crucial to a laboratory fish quality control management system. The goal of Laboratory Animal Regulation is to control genetic quality, avoid hereditary degeneration and genetic drift, and circumvent experimental errors. To achieve this goal, Laboratory Animal Regulations are being developed by consulting experimental data and research findings throughout the world, combining the best known practices in laboratory fish production, and consulting specialists. A new set of laboratory fish genetic quality standards focusing on zebrafish and swordtail fish has been established as a reference for scientific researchers. The new standards define inbred and outbred zebrafish and swordtail fish hereditary classifications, naming principles, breeding methods, and hereditary quality surveying. The new standards provide a frame of reference for laboratory fish users and managers.

关 键 词：实验用鱼 质量控制 实验动物 遗传标准 斑马鱼 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]