注射葡萄糖对吉富罗非鱼血浆生化指标、胰岛素和糖酵解关键酶的影响  

Effects of glucose injection on biochemical parameters,insulin,and glycolytic enzymes in GIFT(Oreochromis niloticus)

作　　者：刘含亮[1] 孙敏敏[1] 王红卫[1] 付佩胜[2] 周庆杰[1] 万文菊[3] 王纪亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271000 [2]山东省淡水水产研究所,山东济南252000 [3]泰山医学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2012年第5期813-820,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2008D35);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J09LC05)

摘　　要：研究注射葡萄糖对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis miloticus)生化指标、胰岛素和糖酵解酶的影响。选取体质量约80 g的吉富罗非鱼150尾,随机分为2个实验组,对照组腹腔注射0.7%的无菌生理盐水,处理组按照30 mg/100 g(体质量)的剂量腹腔注射葡萄糖。结果表明:(1)吉富罗非鱼在注射葡萄糖后1 h血糖达到最高水平,而后显著下降(P<0.05),3 h后降低到正常水平。注射葡萄糖可显著提高胆固醇的含量(P<0.05),并显著降低谷草转氨酶水平(P<0.05),但对血浆蛋白、甘油三酯和谷丙转氨酶水平没有显著影响(P>0.05)。(2)肝糖原在葡萄糖注射后的6 h达到最高水平,而后显著下降(P<0.05),肌糖原没有发生变化。(3)血浆和肌肉中的胰岛素均在葡萄糖注射后的3 h达到最高水平,而后显著下降(P<0.05),而肝中的胰岛素水平没有发生变化。(4)丙酮酸激酶的活力在葡萄糖注射后6h达到最高水平(P<0.05),己糖激酶的活力在注射葡萄糖后没有发生变化。结果表明,注射葡萄糖可显著提高吉富罗非鱼血糖水平,且维持时间较长,胰岛素含量和丙酮酸激酶(PK)活力的提高均相对延迟,而己糖激酶活力的不足又限制了葡萄糖的酵解反应,从而引起血浆胆固醇升高,并伴有持续的血糖和肝糖原升高,从而产生营养胁迫的生理反应,加重鱼类对葡萄糖的代谢负担。We evaluated the effect of glucose injection on a range of biochemical parameters, insulin, and glyco- lytic enzymes in GIFT （Oreochromis niloticus）. Fish （n=150, mean weight 80±5 g） were randomly assigned to one of two groups, a control group that was injected with sterile 0.7% saline and a treatment group that was injected intraperitoneally with glucose （30 mg/100 g wet weight）. The fish in both groups were euthanized 1-12 h after injection. Glucose injection resulted in hyperglycemia with maximum glucose levels observed 1 h after injection （P〈0.05） and a return to normal levels after 3 h. Cholesterol content also increased significantly （P〈0.05） after glucose injection. Conversely, triglycerides, plasma protein, and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase （GPT） levels were unaffected by glucose injection. The level of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase （GOT） decreased significantly （P〈0.05） after injection. Liver glycogen peaked 6 h after injection with glucose, then decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. Glucose injection had no effect on muscle glycogen levels. Insulin levels increased significantly （P〈0.05） in the plasma and muscle, but not in the liver, following glucose injection. Pyruvate kinase levels peaked 6 h after glucose injection （P〈0.05）. Conversely, there was no change in hexokinase activity after injection. Our results suggest that metabolic adjustment caused by glucose administration is reflective of the regulatory action of insulin and pyrnvate kinase. The levels of insulin and pyruvate kinase （PK） were unable to maintain pace with the absorption speed of carbohydrates in fish and a shortage in hexokinase （HK） activity limited glucose utilization, leading to higher concentrations of cholesterol.

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 葡萄糖 生化指标 胰岛素 糖酵解酶 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]