聚碳酸酯二醇／蓖麻油基聚氨酯(脲)弹性体的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of polyurethane(polyurethane-urea) elastomers based on polycarbonate diols/castor oil

作　　者：白延光[1] 张成龙[1] 王宁[1] 李岩峰[1] 熊召举[1] 李再峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学化学与分子工程学院生态化工教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2012年第5期351-355,共5页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21176126);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Y 2008 B 08)

摘　　要：以蓖麻油和聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)为共混软段,分别以1,4-丁二醇(BDO)和3,5-二甲硫基-2,4-二胺基甲苯(DMTDA)为扩链剂,用预聚体法合成出一系列聚氨酯(PU)和聚氨酯脲(PUU)弹性体,考察了异氰酸基(NCO)含量和PCDL用量对弹性体力学性能的影响,并对弹性体的热性能进行了分析。结果表明,随着预聚体中NCO含量的增加,PU、PUU弹性体的硬度和强度逐渐上升,当NCO质量分数为8%时,弹性体的拉伸强度最高,而扯断伸长率呈单调下降趋势;随着PCDL用量的增加,弹性体的拉伸强度先升高后下降,扯断伸长率和永久变形逐渐增加;用DMTDA为扩链剂制备的PUU比用BDO制备的PU具有更高的拉伸强度和撕裂强度;PCDL/蓖麻油基PUU的耐热性能优于纯蓖麻油基PUU,PUU的耐热性优于PU。A series of polyurethane（PU） and pol- yurethane-urea （PUU） elastomers were synthesized by prepolymer process with castor oil and polycar- bonate diol （PCDL） as soft segment mixed mono- mers, 1,4-butanediol （BDO） and dimethyhhiotolu- enediamine （DMTDA） as chain extender respective- ly. The effects of content of isocyanate group（NCO） and PCDL on mechanical properties of elastomers were investigated, and the thermal properties of elastomers were analyzed. The results showed that the hardness and strength of PU and PUU elastomers enhanced with the increase of NCO content in pre- polymer, and the tensile strength of elastomers was the highest when the mass fraction of NCO was 8% ,while elongation at break decreased. The tensile strength of elastomers increased first and then de- creased with increasing PCDL content, elongation at break and permanent set increased gradually. The PUU prepared with DMTDA as chain extender ex- hibited higher tensile strength and tear strength than PU prepared with BDO as chain extender. The ther- mal resistance of PCDL/castor oil based PUU was better than that of castor oil based PUU, and the thermal resistance of PUU was better than that of PU.

关 键 词：蓖麻油 聚碳酸酯二醇 聚氨酯 聚氨酯脲 弹性体 力学性能 耐热性 

分 类 号：TQ334.1[化学工程—橡胶工业]