论“文学自觉”的多元历史进程——30年“鲁迅问题”论争的回顾与思考  

Multivariant Historical Course of "Literary Self-consciousness"——A Review and Reconsideration of the 30-year Disputes on Lu Xun

作　　者：陈文忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学文学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第5期61-75,共15页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部重点研究基地重点项目(2011SK700Zd)

摘　　要："文学的自觉"是文学史上的一个重要发展阶段,也是"文学史哲学"的一个重要学术命题;它关乎如何认识民族文学成熟独立的历史起点,也是文学史家把握文学自觉的多元动态进程、进行历史分期的理论基础。近30年来,围绕这一"鲁迅问题"的论争,这一命题则始终被视为只有单一内涵的"文学史问题"。因此,论争陷入了"各种观点自圆其说,不同观点相互对立"的僵局。要打破目前的学术僵局,让看似各自对立的不同观点,"各居其位,各是其是",必须转换学术思路:首先,从"文学史"回到"文学史哲学",在全面把握先秦以来文学发展历史进程的基础上,对"文学的自觉时代"这一"前提假设"所蕴含的复杂内涵作一番学理反思和逻辑洗炼,为文学史研究提供一个宏观的理论参照系;然后,再由"文学史哲学"回到"文学史",对不同时代、不同性质、不同形态的"文学的自觉时代"的内涵和特点做出准确界定,进行具体分析。＂Literary self-consciousness＂ is a significant period in literary history and also an important aca- demic issue of ＂philosophy of literary history＂. It indicates the historical point of maturity and independence of na- tional literature and serves as a theoretical basis for men of letters to control the multielement dynamic course of lit- erary self - consciousness to divide literary history. However, for nearly 30 years this issue has been regarded as a uni-connotation ＂issue of literary history＂ in disputes over ＂the very issue of Lu Xun＂. To break the current dead- lock, a different line of academic thoughts must be introduced to locate those seemingly different views ＂in place＂ and bring them ＂to their sense＂. First of all, we must turn from ＂literary history＂ to ＂philosophy of literary histo- ry＂ to offer a set of universal theoretical references for study of literary history through academic reflection and logi- cal sophistication of the complex implications of the ＂presupposition＂ of the ＂age of literary self-consciousness＂. Then, we will have to reverse from ＂philosophy of literary history＂ to ＂literary history＂ to accurately define and specifically analyze connotations and characteristics of ＂the age of literary self-consciousness＂ of different times, different characters and different forms.

关 键 词：中国文学史 “文学的自觉时代” “鲁迅问题” 文学史哲学 多元自觉进程 

分 类 号：I209[文学—中国文学]