物料C/N对鸡粪锯末高温堆肥腐熟过程主要指标的影响研究  

Effects of different C/N of composting materials on main indexes of high-temperature aerobic composting of chicken manure and sawdust

作　　者：陈雅娟[1] 霍培书[1] 程旭艳[1] 尚晓瑛[1] 李季[1] 王小兰 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]山西省气象科学研究所,太原030002

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2012年第5期118-123,共6页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：科技部"十一五"支撑计划项目(2006BAD10B09);2008粤港关键领域重点突破项目(2009205200031);广东省2008年省部产学研结合项目(2008A090400001);农业部公益性行业科研专项(200803033);Chinese University Scientific Fund(2009TD15);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20115030)

摘　　要：用鸡粪与锯末为原料进行高温好氧堆肥试验,研究物料C/N为15、25和40时对鸡粪锯末高温好氧堆肥过程中堆体温度、pH、碳素、氮素和碳氮比等主要指标的影响,以期探讨鸡粪锯末的不同配比对碳素和氮素转化的影响,为优化堆肥提供理论依据。结果表明:1)鸡粪与锯末在C/N=25时达到的温度最高为66℃,达到最高温度所需最短时间为3d,C/N=15的处理次之。2)堆肥过程中各处理的pH变化基本一致,都是先上升后下降的趋势。3)在堆肥结束时,各处理的全碳量均有所降低。T2和T3处理全氮含量呈不断升高的趋势,T1处理全氮含量呈先下降后上升的趋势。在堆肥结束时,T1处理全氮含量有所降低。T1、T2和T3处理的C/N在堆肥结束时都有所下降,其中T1表现为先升高后下降。4)堆肥结束时,各处理的NH4+-N含量分别比最高时降低了44.12%、74.37%和56.83%,NO3--N质量分数分别比开始时增加了855.72、731.68和532.23mg/kg。综合判断,物料碳氮比为25时有利于鸡粪锯末高温堆肥中碳素和氮素的转化。同时鸡粪中添加锯末对C/N=15的堆体温度起到一定的正面影响。Using chicken manure and sawdust as materials,the high-temperature aerobic composting was conducted to study the effect of different proportion of chicken manure and sawdust on carbon and nitrogen transformation.The initial carbon-nitrogen ration of composting materials were 15,25 and 40,respectively,labeled as T1,T2,and T3.The results showed that：1） When the initial C/N was 25,the compost reached the highest temperature 66 ℃ after 3 days.2） The pH value of T1,T2 and T3 appeared to have the same trend of rise first and then fall.3） When the compost was maturity,total carbon of T1,T2,and T3 were declined somehow.During composting,total nitrogen of T2,and T3 showed a trend of increase,but T1’s total nitrogen decreased at first,but increased later,then decreased slightly at last.At the end of composting,the C/N of T1,T2,and T3 all decreased somehow,but the T1 had a special trend of increase first and decrease later.4） When the compost was maturity,the NH＋4-N of T1,T2,and T3 decreased 44.12%,74.37%,56.83% respectively,and the NO-3-N increased 855.72,731.68 and 532.23 mg/kg respectively.The above results indicated that co-composting of chicken manure and sawdust in C/N of 25 is a favorite condition to the transformation of carbon and nitrogen;adding sawdust into chicken manure had an objective effect on temperature of co-composting in low C/N of 15.

关 键 词：鸡粪锯末堆肥 碳氮比 铵态氮 硝态氮 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]