小浪底水库库区及下游河道冲淤变化研究  

Evolvement of Scouring and Silting in Xiaolangdi Reservoir and Its Downstream

作　　者：郭选英[1] 李庆国[2] 廖小芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电学院,河南郑州450011 [2]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2012年第9期21-23,共3页Yellow River

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB06B03-3)

摘　　要：利用小浪底水库运用以来至2008年的实测资料,对库区及下游河道的演变情况进行了研究。结果表明:①截至2008年4月,小浪底库区共淤积泥沙23.22亿m3,干、支流淤积比例分别为84.3%、15.7%;②小浪底水库干流淤积形态为水库回水末端附近的三角洲淤积及三角洲以下的异重流和浑水水库的淤积体;③小浪底水库下闸蓄水运用以来,黄河下游各河段均发生了冲刷,利津以上河段冲刷15.89亿t;④截至2008年汛初,花园口以上河段平滩流量已增大至6 000m3/s,花园口—高村河段平滩流量增大为4 500 m3/s左右,高村—艾山为3 800 m3/s左右,艾山以下大部分河段为4 000m3/s以上;⑤2002—2005年小浪底水库调水调沙年均增加黄河下游冲刷量0.18亿t。With the data observed from the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir to 2008, the research of evolvement of river bed in Xiaolangd Reservoir and its downstream shows that, after the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir： （1）Until April 2008, Xiaolangdi Reservoir had silted sediments 2. 322 billion m3. The silting percentages in main stream and tributary were 84.3% and 15.7% respectively. （2）The deposition pattern of Xianglangdi Reservoir is delta sedimentation around reservoir terminal of backwater, the density flow down from the delta, and sediment mass in reservoir full of turbid water. （3）Sinee the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, the whole river channel has signs of scouring, and the scouring volume is 1. 589 billion tons above Lijin section. （4）Until the beginning of flood season in 2008, the bankfull discharge has increased to 6 000 m3/s above Huayuankou section, about 4 500 m3/s from Huayuankou to Gaocun section, about 3 800 m3/s from Gaocun to Aishan section, more than 4 000 m3/ s downstream from Aishan section. （5） The annual sediment scouring of Xiaolangdi Reservoir increases 18 million tons with the help of water and sand diversion in the lower Yellow River from 2002 to 2005.

关 键 词：减淤效果 调水调沙 平滩流量 河床演变 水库运用 小浪底水库 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] TV882.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]