城市化对湖南长沙气温的影响  

The Influence of Urbanization on Temperature in Changsha of Hu'nan Province

作　　者：郭丽香[1] 章新平[1] 吴华武[1] 郭凌曜[1] 张婷婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《干旱气象》2012年第3期380-386,共7页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871094;41171035);教育部高等学校博士点专项科研基金项目(20094306110006);湖南省重点学科项目(2008001);湖南省教育厅重点项目(09A056)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1961～2010年长沙市马坡岭站及其周边8个台站逐月地面气温观测数据和1979～2010年ECMWF再分析数据,通过线性回归对气温趋势进行拟合,分析了1961～2010年和1979～2010年2个时段气温序列受城市化影响的程度。结果表明:长沙市夏季的热岛效应比冬季大,城市化对最高气温的影响大,且城市化热岛增暖的绝对影响随时间增强。利用地面观测和再分析2种不同气温资料,对比分析1979年以来城市化对长沙市气温影响表明,与再分析背景气候对比得到的热岛效应均比与观测背景气候对比得出的结果小。因此对比分析气温观测资料的差异更能真实的反映长沙市气温受城市化的影响程度,且结果表明城市化对气温增暖贡献显著。Based on the monthly surface temperature data at Mapoling station and its surrounding stations of Changsha from 1961 to 2010 and reanalysis data by ECMWF from 1979 - 2010, the change trend of temperature in Changsha was analyzed by linear regres- sion, and the influence degree of urbanization on temperature was analyzed during the period of 1961 - 2010 and 1979 - 2010. The re- sults show that the urban heat island effect in summer was more significant than that in winter, and the influence of urbanization on maximum temperature was the largest and the absolute influence of urbanization enhanced with time. Comparative analysis about the in- fluence of urbanization on Changsha temperature since 1979 by using the ground observations and reanalysis temperature material was made, which showed that the urban heat island effect compared with reanalysis background climate was smaller than that compared with observed background climate. So comparative analysis of the difference of observed temperature reflected better to the influence of ur- banization on air temperature change in Changsha, and the warming contribution of urbanization on air temperature was significant.

关 键 词：气温 城市化 热岛效应 长沙 

分 类 号：P461.8[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]