植物占位立体营养调控研究  

Study on Regulation and Control of Space-occupying Stereo Nutrition in Maize

作　　者：张永科[1] 王立祥[1] 廖允成[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2012年第9期10-14,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：陕西省"13115"科技创新重大科技专项"玉米新品种选育及关键技术研究"(2007ZDKG-03);"陕西关中地区小麦;玉米超高产栽培技术集成与示范"(2015ZDKG-09);陕西省农业科技攻关项目"玉米种质创新与新品种选育研究与示范"(2010K01-10-2);"陕西省玉米优异种质创新及新品种选育"(2011KTZB02-01-02);西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种专项"资源高效型玉米新品种选育"(2009-28);西北农林科技大学三原斗口农作物试验示范站项目"玉米蜂巢式高产栽培机械化播种集成示范"

摘　　要：目的:分析研究植物占位立体空间营养及其调控。方法:以4种不同玉米田间种植型式为素材,采用系统分析的方法。结果:群体作物密植过程中,植物占位立体空间与光、热、水、气(CO2)、肥(矿质元素)同是影响植物生长发育和群体产量的要素;是植物存活和生长发育冠层营养和土体营养的承载依托;可以用植物单株内切圆面积或单株内切圆冠层圆柱体和根系土体的圆柱体体积大小对群体作物的营养状况进行量化比较。结论:人类可通过植物田间株、行距调节和采用不同田间配置型式对植物占位立体空间营养进行调控。Taking maize plants cultivated in the field by 4 different modes as test materials, this paper analyzed the space - occupying stereo nutrition in plant and its regulation and control by using the systematical analysis method. The results indicated that： in the process of close planting of population crop, the occupation of stereo space of plant together with light, heat, water, gas （ C02 ） and fertilizer （mineral elements） were the essential factors affecting plant growth and population yield; they were also the basement of plant survival, growth, canopy nutrition and soil nutrition. The nutrition status of population crop could be quantificationally compared by the incircle area of single plant or by the incircle canopy cylinder volume of single plant and the cylinder volume of rhizospheric soil. In conclusion, the spaceoccupying stereo nutrition in plant can be regulated and controlled by changing the row spacing and plant spacing of plants, and by taking different configuration modes of plants in the field.

关 键 词：玉米 蜂巢式种植 植物占位营养 

分 类 号：S513.024[农业科学—作物学]