拉枝对苹果幼树生长发育的影响  

Effects of Branch-bending on Growth and Development of Young Apple Trees

作　　者：张仕杰[1] 屠煦童[1] 戴强[1] 渠慎春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2012年第9期41-44,共4页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省苹果产区新品种新技术的集成与示范(SBE201130347)

摘　　要：研究了刻芽和拉枝处理对苹果幼树生长发育的影响。结果表明:当刻芽伤口到芽体的距离为6 mm时,萌芽率达到最高(90.5%)。当拉枝角度为45°时,枝条的加长生长量最大;在70°时加粗生长量最大;在90°时萌芽率最高(74.0%)。当拉枝角度为110°时叶片含水量最高(63.9%)。叶片总叶绿素含量在拉枝角度为70°时达到最高(3.190 mg/g)。拉枝角度为45°时,叶片含氮量极显著高于其它处理;在110°时叶片中磷、钾、铜、锰的含量均最高;当拉枝角度为70°时,叶片中镁、铁、锌含量均达到最高。叶片中总碳含量随着拉枝角度的增大而减少。新梢中碳和氮含量均在90°时最高,但C/N在110°时最大。The effects of bud - notching and branch - bending on the growth and development of young apple trees were studied. The results showed that： when the distance between notching wound and bud was 6 mm, the germination rate was maximum, and reached 90.5%. When the angle of branch - bending was 45°, the lengthening growth quantity of the branches was the largest. When the angle of branch - bending was 70°, the thickening growth quantity of the branches was the largest. The highest germination rate （ 74.0% ） was found in 90° branch - bending treatment. When the angle of branch - bending was 110°, the leaf water content was the highest （63.9%）. The total chlorophyll content in leaf was the highest （3. 190 rag/g） in the treatment of 70~ branch -bending. The leaf nitrogen content in 45~ branch - bending treatment was extremely significantly higher than that of other treatments. In the treat- ment of 110~ branch - bending, the contents of phosphorus, potassium, copper and manganese in leaf were all the highest. While in the treatment of 70° branch -bending, the contents of magnesium, iron and zinc in leaf were the highest. The total carbon content in leaf decreased when the angle of branch - bending increased. In the new shoots, the Carbon and nitrogen contents were maximum at 90°, while the C/N was the highest at 110°.

关 键 词：苹果 刻芽 拉枝 叶绿素 生长发育 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]