硝酸体系中Pu(Ⅲ)的Pt催化氧化  

Pt-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pu(Ⅲ) in Nitric Acid

作　　者：常利[1] 张倩[1] 郭建华[1] 刘利生[1] 王长水[1] 常尚文[1] 李瑞雪[1] 欧阳应根[1] 田保生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所,北京102413

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2012年第4期218-222,共5页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

摘　　要：为了避免引入过多试剂,针对后处理Purex流程中将Pu(Ⅲ)氧化到Pu(Ⅳ)的调价过程,研究了一种新的催化氧化工艺。研究了在不同温度、酸度、肼浓度等条件下,硝酸体系中Pu(Ⅲ)的Pt催化氧化行为。结果表明:硝酸介质中Pu(Ⅲ)可以被Pt催化氧化为四价;在70℃条件下,当硝酸浓度大于3mol/L时,含支持还原剂肼的溶液中Pu(Ⅲ)的催化氧化调价可以很快实现,Pu(Ⅲ)氧化率大于99.9%;提高温度、加大酸度均有利于Pu(Ⅲ)的氧化;支持还原剂肼的量对其的催化氧化有一定的影响,肼的浓度升高,催化氧化的诱导期变长。In order to avoid introducing non-combustible reagents during the valence adjust- ments of Pu in the Purex process for nuclear fuel reprocessing, a new catalytic oxidation technology for conversion of Pu（ Ⅲ ） to Pu（Ⅳ） was studied in this paper. The influence of temperature, nitric acid concentration, and hydrazine concentration on the completeness and kinetics of Pt-catalyzed oxidation of Pu（ Ⅲ ） was investigated. The experimental results show that in the presence of a platinum gauze catalyst Pu（ Ⅲ ） in a hydrazine-containing solution can be quickly and almost quantitatively （〉99.9%） oxidized to Pu（Ⅳ） at 70℃ and nitric acid concentrations higher than 3 mol/L. The increase of HNO3 concentration and elevation of temperature favores the oxidation of Pu（ Ⅲ ）. The concentration of hydrazine also shows some influence： the higher the concentration of hydrazine is, the longer the induction period will be.

关 键 词：PU PT 催化氧化 调价 

分 类 号：O646.54[理学—物理化学]