非政府组织概念再认识  

Further Understanding the Concept of Non-Governmental Organization

作　　者：马全中[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2012年第10期36-39,107,共4页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(11&ZD070);教育部人文社科基金青年项目(12YJC820006);韶关市重点课题:县级服务型政府建设的结构体系及实现路径研究;韶关学院科研项目

摘　　要：非政府组织的概念缘起于联合国宪章。当前对非政府组织概念的认识有四种不同视角:公共管理的视角、结构和价值导向的视角、突破政府——市场二元结构的视角、基于中国语境的公民社会视角。非政府组织概念的结构化定义应该建立在以上视角之上:非政府组织是指由公民个人或其他团体、机构为实现公益或互益目标发起的,具有一定治理结构、独立自主运转的、提供社会服务的社会自治组织。这一新定义可从以下几点理解:后工业社会是理解非政府组织概念的时代背景、非政府组织的发起主体是多元的、道德取向和伦理精神是非政府组织的根本特征、非政府组织是承担社会服务的社会组织、非政府组织需要有规范的"治理结构"、非政府组织须具备独立性和自主性。The concept Non-Governmental Organization comes from the charter of the United Nations. Nowadays there are four angles to the understanding of Non-Governmental Organization: the angle of public administration, the angle of structure and value orientation, the angle of breakthrough of the structure of government-market, the angle of civil society based on the Chinese context. The structural definition of Non-Governmental Organization should be based on such angles: it is started by the individual citizens or other groups, organizations to realize public welfare or mutual benefit, and it is a social autonomous organization with its governing structure, independent and autonomous operation, and providing social service. Such a new definition can be understood from the following aspects: the post-industrial society is the social background to understand Non-Governmental Organization, its promoting subject is multidimensional, moral orientation and ethical spirit are the basic characteristics of Non-Governmental Organization, Non-Governmental Organization is the organization bearing social service, Non-Governmental Organization needs standardized governing structure, Non-Governmental Organization is independent and autonomous.

关 键 词：非政府组织 非营利组织 民间组织 第三部门 公共服务 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]