贵州省肠道传染病综合干预模式及效果评价  

Effect evaluation on comprehensive intervention on intestinal infection diseases in Guizhou Province

作　　者：黎明[1] 唐光鹏[1] 姚光海[1] 田克诚[1] 王定明[1] 陈学 赵启良 刘明强 蒋有琴[4] 张静[5] 孙军玲[5] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004 [2]平坝县疾病预防控制中心,贵州平坝561100 [3]开阳县疾病预防控制中心,贵州开阳550300 [4]安顺市疾病预防控制中心,贵州安顺561000 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2012年第9期714-718,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：科技部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200802025);贵州省社会发展科技攻关项目(黔科合S字〔2007〕1037)

摘　　要：目的评价贵州省肠道传染病综合干预模式及效果,为今后肠道传染病防控工作提供科学依据。方法选取贵州省安顺市平坝县6乡镇为干预区,贵阳市开阳县6乡镇为对照区,干预区实施发热和腹泻症状监测、病例管理、水源消毒管理、健康教育和甲肝疫苗应急接种等措施,对照区除开展发热和腹泻症状监测外不进行任何干预,采用问卷调查法分析人群伤寒副伤寒等肠道传染病干预前后的知信行变化。结果项目症状监测检出伤寒副伤寒杆菌231株,检出率1.66%;志贺氏菌50株,检出率8.17%。干预后,干预区人群在伤寒副伤寒等肠道传染病的卫生知识总知晓率(79.15%)、正确态度总持有率(67.78%)和卫生行为总形成率(90.54%)方面均高于干预前自身及干预后对照区,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预区干预后伤寒副伤寒、菌痢及甲肝的总发病率下降78.21%,干预措施对人群发生伤寒等主要肠道传染病的保护率为42.06%。结论综合干预能够明显改善人群卫生行为及大幅度降低伤寒等主要肠道传染病发病率,是有效防制措施。Objective To evaluate effect of comprehensive intervention for intestinal infection diseases prevention and control,and provide scientific basis in Guizhou Province.Methods Six townships in Pingba County were selected as intervention areas while six townships in Kaiyang County were taken as control.Comprehensive intervention measures,including surveillance system of fever and diarrhea symptom,management of major intestinal infection diseases cases,supply of water chlorination,health education and emergency vaccination of Hepatitis A,were carried out in intervention areas.Only surveillance systems for fever and diarrhea symptom were carried out in control areas.The awareness of knowledge,attitude and behaviors related to intestinal infection diseases were investigated before and after intervention.Results231 strains of salmonella typhi and paratyphi and 50 strains of Shigella were detected in program period,the detection rate were 1.66% and 8.17%.After intervention,the general rates of knowledge,proper attitude and health behavior related intestinal infection diseases among participants at intervention areas were 79.15%,67.78% and 90.54%,respectively,which were significantly（P0.01）improved than those before intervention and control areas.The cumulative incidence rate of major intestinal infection diseases at intervention areas was decreased to 78.21%,which was significant lower than that in control areas.The protective rate of intervention measures on intestinal infection diseases for participants was 42.06%.Conclusion Comprehensive intervention can improve the health behaviors significantly,and decrease the incidence rate of intestinal infection diseases effectively in Guizhou Province.

关 键 词：肠道传染病 综合干预 效果 评价 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R51[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]