三种改良措施对退化羊草草地群落多样性和生物量的影响  

Effect of Three Improvement Treatments on the Diversity and Biomass of Degraded Leymus Chinense Grassland

作　　者：刘畅[1] 张月学[2] 高超[2] 陈积山[2] 邸桂俐[2] 康昕彤[2] 潘多锋[2] 刘慧莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2012年第10期132-135,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系绥化综合试验站资助项目(CARS-35);黑龙江省农业科技创新工程种子创新基金资助项目(2010-10)

摘　　要：针对近年来松嫩平原羊草草地的退化问题,进行了围栏封育、轻耙补播羊草、深耕翻种植羊草3种改良试验研究,对草地的群落物种多样性、地上植物量及地下生物量进行测定和分析。结果表明:3个改良措施可降低杂类草的入侵,有利于群落向着原始状态演替。物种丰富度指数(S)和群落多样性指数(H)显著低于退化羊草草地(P<0.05),均匀度指数(J)表现为退化草地>围栏封育草地>轻耙补播羊草地>深耕翻种植羊草地。3个改良措施草地的地上植物量均极显著高于退化草地(P<0.01),分别比退化草地增加151.95%、78.32%和200.43%。0～30cm土层地下总生物量表现为轻耙补播羊草地>深耕翻种植羊草地>围栏封育草地>退化草地。Three improvement treatments were conducted to solve degeneration problems in recent years on Songnen Plain Leymus chinense grassland.For example,fencing,light harrow and reseeding Leymus chinense seed,deep harrowing and sowing Leymus chinense seed.The pant biodiversity,aboveground biomass and underground biomass under three treatments were investigated.The results showed that three improvement treatments could reduce the amount of invasive weeds and improve the proportion of forage grass,the index of richness and Shannon-Wiener index significantly lower than degraded Leymus chinense grassland（P0.05）.The Pielou index was degraded grasslandfencing grasslandlight harrow and reseeding Leymus chinense seed grasslanddeep harrowing and sowing Leymus chinense seed grassland.The three improvement treatment grasslands aboveground biomass significantly higher than that of degraded grassland（P0.01）and the yield increased by 151.95%,78.32%,200.43%,respectively.The underground total biomass of 0~30 cm soil layer was light harrow and reseeding Leymus chinense seed grasslanddeep harrowing and sowing Leymus chinense seed grasslandfencing grasslanddegraded grassland.

关 键 词：改良措施 退化 羊草草地 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]