维持性血液透析患者手卫生现状及影响因素调查  

Investigation of the influencing factor of hand hygiene status of maintain hemodialysis patients

作　　者：顾美红[1] 夏虹[1] 张耀全[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学医学院附属江阴医院血液净化中心,214400

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2012年第26期3131-3133,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查维持性血液透析患者手卫生习惯及细菌污染情况，为采取干预措施提供依据。方法采取横断面调查的方法，选择医院维持性血液透析患者298例进行手卫生习惯、指征和手卫生知识的调查，同时对其中100例患者的手进行细菌污染情况检测分析。结果298例患者认为洗手重要者占42．5％，血透前洗手率仅为13．0％，了解规范洗手方法者仅占6．3％。100例患者手部感染的病原菌中，除常见的正常寄居菌外，还可检测到铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等致病菌。患者洗手后干燥棒杆菌、黏质沙雷菌、黄色奈瑟菌等条件致病菌菌落数与洗手前比较明显下降[（128±30）比（7±2），（112±36）比（5±3），（122±25）比（6±2）cfu／cm2]，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为19．49，19．83，19．56；P〈0．01）。结论尿毒症患者的手卫生意识不强，依从性差，手部细菌污染严重，存在交叉感染隐患，应予以足够的重视。Objective To investigate the hand hygiene status and its influencing factors of maintain hemodialysis patients, for the purpose of taking effective measures to improve the quality of hand hygiene as well as reduce the infection rate in the department of blood purification. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used, totals of 300 MHD patients in our hospital were observed. Among them 100 patients were detected and analyzed their hand bacterial contamination. Results Among 298 patients, the percent of patients thinking washing - hand important was 42.5%, the percent of washing hand before hemodialysis was 13.0% , while understanding the specification of washing-hand was only 6.3%. Among the hand infection pathogen, except normal living bacteria, there were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus etc. Compared with washing hand before, Corynebacterium xerosis, Serratia marcescens, yellow Neisseria meningitides of washing hands after were decreased significantly [ （128±30） vs （7±2） ,（112±36） vs （5±3） ,（122±25） vs （6±2）; t=19.49,19.83,19.56,respeetively;P〈0.01].Conclusions Hand hygiene consciousness of the MHD patients is not strong, and the compliance remains poor. It should be paid enough attention to the dangerous of cross infection because of Bacterial pollution of hand is serious.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 手卫生 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]