农户土地利用行为特征及影响因素研究——基于沈阳市苏家屯区238户农户的调查研究  

Studying the Characteristics and Its Influencing Factors of the Farmer Land-use Behavior in the Process of Industrialization and Urbanization:A Case Study in Sujiatun District of Shenyang City,Liaoning Province

作　　者：刘洪彬[1] 王秋兵[1] 边振兴[1] 于国锋[2] 孙雁[3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]沈阳市苏家屯区农业技术推广中心,辽宁沈阳110101 [3]沈阳市规划和国土资源局,辽宁沈阳110015

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2012年第10期111-117,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目"区域经济增长与农地非农化研究"(编号:70425002);国家自然科学基金项目"区域要素市场发育与农业自然资源可持续利用管理研究"(编号:70773058)

摘　　要：本研究通过对农户土地利用行为内涵的界定,构建工业化、城市化进程中社会经济及政策变化对其影响机理分析框架和计量经济结构模型,基于辽宁省沈阳市苏家屯区238家农户调查数据基础上,采用统计分析方法,获知苏家屯区农户土地利用行为特征:具有明显的"非农化"和"非粮化"趋势,种植模式在空间上呈现"反图能圈"式分布。采用计量经济模型分析方法,从外部环境包括城市扩展、经济结构、市场价格变化、政策制度安排和内部环境包括个人特征、家庭特征、资源禀赋等7类因素14个因子对土地利用方式、程度和土地投入强度三个方面进行回归分析,探寻其影响因素及其影响机理,结果显示不同因子的作用方向、影响程度与显著性表现均有所不同。农户处于的外部社会、经济和政策环境对土地利用方式和投入强度有显著的影响,而农户个人、家庭特征和拥有资源禀赋等内部环境因素对土地利用程度有显著影响。根据以上的研究结果,政府应该从规范政府征地行为、健全土地流转市场、增加对农村的投入等方面合理引导农户土地利用行为,提高土地利用效率,实现土地资源的持续利用。This study defines the connotation of farmers＇ land use decision, and builds the mechanism of the analytical framework of socio-economic and policy changes that affects farmers＇ land use decision in the process of industrialization and urbanization and econometric structural model. Based on survey data of 238 farmers in Sujiatun District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, by a statistical analysis method, the result reveals that the farmer land use behavior in Sujiatun District shows an obvious non-agricultural and non-food trend, and has a pattern of anti-diagram cropping circle in space. Through the method of econometric model, three aspects of farmers＇ land use behavior including land use pattern, the degree of land use ~ and intensity of investment are analyzed from the external environment including urban expansion, economic structure, changes in market prices and policy institutional arrangements, and from internal environment including personal characteristics, family characteristics and resource endowments. This study explores the influence factors on the mechanism. It shows that the direction, degree and significant performance are different. The external social, economic and policy environment has a significant impact on land-use patterns and intensity of investment. Household characteristics and ownership within the resource endowments have a significant effect on the degree of land use. According to the above findings, the government should regulate the government land acquisitions, and improve the land transfer market, increase investment in rural and reasonably guide farmers land use activities to improve land use efficiency and sustainable use.

关 键 词：工业化 城市化 农户 土地利用行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]