中国传播研究的三次浪潮——纪念施拉姆访华30周年暨后施拉姆时代中国的传播研究  

Three Waves of Communication Studies in China——On the 30th Anniversary of Wilbur Schramm's Visit to China Along with the Problems and Directions of Chinese Communication Studies in the Post-Schramm Era

作　　者：姜飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院新闻与传播研究所

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2012年第4期19-32,32+30-31+108-109,共14页Journalism & Communication

摘　　要：1982年美国传播学的"鼻祖"W.施拉姆(Wilbur Schramm,1907-1987)访华,有人称之为中国传播研究的"破冰之旅",有人称之为"助燃剂"……本文认为,中国的传播研究历经三次大潮:第一次是施拉姆访华之前传播学已经由不同渠道进入中国,新闻学界可谓"暗潮汹涌";第二次是施拉姆1982年访华之行,起到了破碎中国传播研究汹涌"暗潮"表层之"冰盖"的作用(此谓"破冰之旅"),之后,更多的国外学者来访及文献引入,使得中国传播学界的活动"波涛滚滚";如今,第三次大潮的冲击已然临岸,即来自港台和海外华裔传播学者再次登陆,对30年来大陆的传播学研究多维度的"惊涛拍岸"。施拉姆访华距今整整30年,中国学界在回眸之时,是否可以借由对施拉姆的回忆,更清晰地呈现中国传播研究的脉络,更清楚地辨析中国传播研究的问题和方向?本文即作此尝试,补正史料,亦和同行商榷。Wilbur Schramm,who was called 'the originator of Communication Studies in USA' by Rogers,visited China in 1982.His visit was commented as the ' ice-breaking journey' and ' combustion improver' towards Communication Studies in China.Based on indepth interview data,this paper adopted a historical document cross-analysis framework, to re-evaluate the influences of Schramm's visit to Communication Studies in China. The author identifies three waves of Communication Studies in China.The first wave was 'turbulent undercurrents' representing the pre-Schramm period(1956 - 1982),in which communication studies was introduced to China via different channels. The second wave started from Schramm's 'ice-breaking journey' and turned to be 'rolling waves' of communication studies in China(1982 - 1997),marked by mass import of communication theories and personnel visiting.The third is the ' heavy surf tumbling onto the shore'(1997 - now),representing the post-Schramm era marked by frequent recurrence of Chinese scholars from overseas and Hong Kong and Taiwan regions.This paper intended to identify and discuss the problems and directions of Communication Studies in China,beginning from re-evaluating the influences of Schramm's visit in 1982,in order to stimulate reflections and discussions on Chinese Communication Studies.

关 键 词：中国传播学 传播研究 施拉姆 访华 三次浪潮 纪念 传播学研究 国外学者 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]