Multifunctional to multistage delivery systems: The evolution of nanoparticles for biomedical applications  

作　　者：MARTINEZ Jonathan O BROWN Brandon S QUATTROCCHI Nicoletta EVANGELOPOULOS Michael FERRARI Mauro TASCIOTTI Ennio 

机构地区：[1]Department of Nanomedicine,The Methodist Hospital Research Institute [2]Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,The University of Texas at Houston

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》2012年第31期3961-3971,共11页

基　　金：supported by Award Number TL1RR024147 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)

摘　　要：Nanomaterials are advancing in several directions with significant progress being achieved with respect to their synthesis, functionalization and biomedical application. In this review, we will describe several classes of prototypical nanocarriers, such as liposomes, silicon particles, and gold nanoshells, in terms of their individual function as well as their synergistic use. Active and passive targeting, photothermal ablation, and drug controlled release constitute some of the crucial functions identified to achieve a medical purpose. Current limitations in targeting, slow clearance, and systemic as well as local toxicity are addressed in reference to the recent studies that attempted to comprehend and solve these issues. The demand for a more sophisticated understanding of the impact of nanomaterials on the body and of their potential immune response underlies this discussion. Combined components are then discussed in the setting of multifunctional nanocarriers, a class of drug delivery systems we envisioned, proposed, and evolved in the last 5 years. In particular, our third generation of nanocarriers, the multistage vectors, usher in the new field of nanomedicine by combining several components onto multifunctional nanocarriers characterized by emerging properties and able to achieve synergistic effects.Nanomaterials are advancing in several directions with significant progress being achieved with respect to their synthesis, func- tionalization and biomedical application. In this review, we will describe several classes of prototypical nanocarriers, such as lip- osomes, silicon particles, and gold nanoshells, in terms of their individual function as well as their synergistic use. Active and passive targeting, photothermal ablation, and drug controlled release constitute some of the crucial functions identified to achieve a medical purpose. Current limitations in targeting, slow clearance, and systemic as well as local toxicity are addressed in refer- ence to the recent studies that attempted to comprehend and solve these issues. The demand for a more sophisticated understand- ing of the impact of nanomaterials on the body and of their potential immune response underlies this discussion. Combined com- ponents are then discussed in the setting of multifunctional nanocarriers, a class of drug delivery systems we envisioned, proposed, and evolved in the last 5 years. In particular, our third generation of nanocarriers, the multistage vectors, usher in the new field of nanomedicine by combining several components onto multifunctional nanocarriers characterized by emerging properties and able to achieve synergistic effects.

关 键 词：生物医学应用 纳米粒子 多功能 传递系统 演变 多级 药物控制释放 纳米载体 

分 类 号：R318.0[医药卫生—生物医学工程]