汤姆孙定理的一种直观证明  

An intuitive proof for Thomson's theorem

作　　者：史奡[1] 徐建军[1] 林志方[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学物理系,上海200433

出　　处：《大学物理》2012年第10期48-51,54,共5页College Physics

摘　　要：通过直接比较不同电荷分布下体系的静电能大小,并且同时考虑其中体电荷和面电荷分布的变化,给出了汤姆孙定理的一种直观证明.我们希望这一证明方法有助于电动力学的初学者理解定理中所包含的物理图像.A method to prove Thomson＇s Theorem is presented which we consider is more intuitive. We do not prove by the calculus of variations, but by directly comparing the electrostatic energy of different charge distributions. We consider both the volume and the surface distribution during the proof. We hope that this method could help first learners better understand the picture of the theorem.

关 键 词：静电学 汤姆孙定理 静电能 电荷分布 

分 类 号：O412[理学—理论物理]