重型商用汽车车架轻量化设计  

The Weight reduction design of 8×4 lorry truck frame

作　　者：张文博 朱剑平 

机构地区：[1]陕西重型汽车有限公司,陕西西安710200

出　　处：《汽车实用技术》2012年第9期18-22,共5页Automobile Applied Technology

摘　　要：车架是汽车的主要承载构件,其功用是承受来自车内外的各种载荷,连接汽车的各大总成及各种车用设备,结构型式主要取决于汽车的总布置要求。深入研究车架的承载特性是车架结构设计改进和优化的基础,也是保证整车性能的关键。本文以某载货车车架为研究对象,建立了车架有限元分析模型;通过该车架模态仿真,验证了有限元模型的正确性;根据载货车的承载特点和行驶工况,对该车架在满载弯曲工况和满载扭转工况的静态应力分析,考察某载货车车架在典型工况下的应力分布,以此评价车架设计的合理性。在以上分析的基础上,本文对车架的连接横梁进行了结构优化,并对改进方案进行了有限元分析,通过与原结构的动态性能对比分析,确定了结构改进的可行性。The frame is the main bearing member of automobile, its function is to bear the various loads from inside and outside, to connect the major assembly and all kinds of vehicle equipment, structure mainly depends on the automobile layout requirements. Thoroughly understanding the load beating characteristic of frames is the base of improving and optimizing the structural design, and also the key to guarantee the vehicle performance. This thesis chose the flame of a heavy-duty tractor as the research object, establishe the finite element model of the frame; According to the load bearing characteristics and running conditions of heavy-duty tractors, the static stress distribution of this frame in fully loaded bend condition and torsion condition was analyzed, and through modal analysis, its frequency and vibration mode of first ten modes were also found. Based on the analysis above, the structural optimization of the frame is discussed in this thesis, and the finite element analysis of the optimized scheme has been done, by comparison to the dynamic performance of original structure, the feasibility of structural optimization was confirmed.

关 键 词：车架 有限元 结构优化 

分 类 号：U465[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]