规模化养殖的中国荷斯坦奶牛产污系数模型的确定  

Modelling pollutant generation coefficients in holstein dairy production

作　　者：陈海媛[1] 张宝贵[2] 郭建斌[1] 董仁杰[1] 周捷[1] 张万钦[1] 陈理[1] 王宝芝[1] 庞昌乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,能源工程与低碳技术研究室,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2012年第10期1895-1899,共5页China Environmental Science

基　　金：农业主要污染源产排污量削减技术评估与核算体系研究(201009017)

摘　　要：以近期中国荷斯坦奶牛产污系数试验资料为基础,分析饲料摄入量及成分与排出粪污污染物之间的关系,建立了奶牛产污系数模型并进行了验证.结果表明:育成牛排粪量可用采食量、摄入氮、摄入磷和摄入铜4因子预测,其模型拟合度高于产奶牛;育成牛排氮量可用采食量、摄入氮两因子预测,产奶牛的排氮量可用摄入氮预测;产奶牛和育成牛的排磷量均可用摄入磷预测.该模型由于包括了不同季节、不同样本、不同奶牛养殖场等影响因素,使结果具有广泛的适用性,可用于分析中国荷斯坦奶牛养殖对环境的污染及粪污农田的消纳利用.Pollutants generation coefficients of livestock breeding industry are the important basic data in the field of environment assessment of livestock breeding industry.However,the reported coefficients have a significant difference.The relationship of dairy feedstock intake and its pollutant production were analyzed on the basis of previous studies on pollutant generation coefficients of Holstein and a model of pollutants generation coefficients in dairy production was suggested and verified.The amount of feces excreted by bred cattle could be predicted by four factors of feed intake,intake of nitrogen,intake of phosphorus and intake of copper.And the results fit the model better than that of the dairy cow.The nitrogen content in the feces of bred cattle could be predicted by intake of feed and nitrogen.The nitrogen content in the feces of dairy cattle could be predicted by intake nitrogen.The phosphorus content in bred cattle and dairy cattle could be predicted both by intake of phosphorus.Considering the impact factors of seasons,samples and location,this model had a wide adaptability which allows to determine the pollution generation coefficients in Holstein dairy production.It facilitated analysis of the environmental pollution and the cow manure nutrients to field of utilization.

关 键 词：奶牛 产污系数 排污量 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]